退伍工程兵矽肺病回顾性流行病学研究  

Retrospective Epidemiological Studies on Silicosis Among Veteran Engineers

作　　者：张建中[1] 陈法明[1] 周峰 

机构地区：[1]长沙市疾病预防控制中心,长沙410001 [2]长沙职业卫生学院

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2012年第2期82-85,共4页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的探讨某市部队退伍工程兵矽肺发病现状和规律,分析发病趋势,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,选择某市1963-01/2011-12,所有工程兵退伍后罹患矽肺病例资料为研究对象,探讨病例分布以及工程兵矽肺发病与工龄、工种、以及年龄的关系,采用SPSS17.0方法统计分析。结果观察期间,工程兵矽肺累计发病121例,其中I期矽肺69例(57.02%),Ⅱ期矽肺41例(33.88%),Ш期矽肺11例(9.09%)。好发工种为凿岩工90例(74.38%)、采掘工15例(12.40%)。平均粉尘暴露工龄约为7.42年,平均发病年龄约为50.31岁。结论工程兵矽肺具有初诊期别高、中晚期比例高,接尘工龄短,发病年龄偏小等基本特征。从发病趋势分析,该市工程兵矽肺病主要集中分布在20世纪50～70年代初期的粉尘接触者,90年代后接尘的新发病例逐渐减少。提示该市工程兵矽肺病呈逐年下降趋势。Objective To provide scientific evidence for developing the silicosis prevention and control strategy by exploring the silicosis status and pathogenesis regularity of veteran engineers in some city,predicting the prevalent trend.Methods All the cases of veteran engineers silicosis from 1963 to 2012 in some city were selected as research objectives,according to the retrospective survey scheme,discuss the distribution of cases and the relationship between the engineers silicosis onset and the exposure length of service,type of work,age,etc.Data was analyzed with software SPSS17.0.Results The number of accumulative reported cases of silicosis among veteran engineers in the city was 121.Among the cases,69（74.38%） were silicosis stage,41（33.88%） were stageⅡ,and 11（9.09%） were stageⅢ.The high risk types of work were rock workers（90,74.38%）,tunneling workers（15,12.40%）.The average length of exposure to dust was about 7.42 years,and the average age of onset was about 50.31 years.Conclusion The engineer silicosis has the characteristics such as high newly diagnosed stage,high proportion of the middle-late stage cases,short length of exposure to dust,young age of onset,etc.And from the trend analysis,the engineers silicosis in this city distributed in dust contactors during 1950＇s-1970＇s,and cases reduced gradually after the 90s.The results prompt that the silicosis engineers reduced year by year.

关 键 词：退伍工程兵 罹患 矽肺病 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]