不同杀菌剂对稻粒黑粉病菌冬孢子萌发的影响  

Effect of different fungicides on teliospore germination of Tilletia barclayana

作　　者：戴雷[1] 张道环 李寒松[1] 于立繁[1] 王文相[2] 叶正和[2] 张爱芳[2] 陈雨[2] 高同春[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽出入境检验检疫局,安徽合肥230022 [2]安徽省农业科学院植物保护研究所

出　　处：《植物检疫》2012年第3期1-4,共4页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家质检总局项目(2010IK274);公益性行业(农业)专项(200903033);安徽省自然科学基金项目(10040606Q26);安徽省水稻产业体系

摘　　要：稻粒黑粉病(Rice kernel smut)是一种真菌病害。在离体条件下,采用孢子萌发测定法,测定了嘧菌酯、灭菌唑、拌种灵、多菌灵、咪酰胺和二硫氰基甲烷抑制稻粒黑粉病菌冬孢子萌发的最低抑制浓度(MIC);同时研究了药剂浸种处理对稻种的安全性以及浸种处理效果。结果表明,嘧菌酯和二硫氰基甲烷对稻粒黑粉病菌冬孢子萌发的抑制活性较高,MIC为0.4μg/mL,多菌灵的抑制活性次之,MIC为0.8μg/mL,其他3种药剂的抑制活性不高,MIC均大于1.6μg/mL。种子安全性试验表明,嘧菌酯在2.0、4.0、8.0μg/mL和多菌灵在4.0、8.0、16.0μg/mL处理3d和7d后,稻种的萌芽率与对照相比无显著性差异;而二硫氰基甲烷在4.0和8.0μg/mL处理下,所选稻种的萌芽率显著低于对照,说明该药剂在浸种处理后会影响所选稻种的萌芽,但其在低剂量处理下对稻种的萌芽率影响较小。关于稻粒黑粉病浸种处理的合适农药剂型仍需要进一步研究。Rice kernel smut was an important disease caused by fungi. In vitro, the effect of azoxystrobin, pro- cloraz, triticonazole, amicarthiazol, carbendazim and methylene bisthiocyanate on teliospore germination of Tilletia barclayana was tested and the MIC values for each fungicides were determined. Moreover, the safety and the effi- cacy of the fungicides for the rice seeds and control of the disease respectively by seed treatments were performed. The results showed that both azoxystrobin and methylene bisthiocyanate exhibited higher inhibitory activity against teliospore germination with the MIC value 0.4 p,g/mL; carbendazim also showed good activity with the MIC value 0.8 μg/mL; while the other three fungicides were not effective with the MIC value 〉 1.6 p,g/mL. The safety test showed that azoxystrobin at 2.0, 4.0, 8.0μg/mL and carbendazim at 4.0, 8.0, 16.0 μg/mL through seed treatments for 3 and 7 days did not significantly affected the germination of rice seeds when compared to the con- trol, while methylene bisthiocyanate at 4.0, 8.0μg/mL significantly decreased the germination ratio of rice seeds compared to the control, indicating that this fungicide would affected the germination of rice seeds, but the effect would be slight when at lower concentration. Further studies to develop a suitable pesticide formulation for control of rice kernel smut by seed treatments were still needed.

关 键 词：稻粒黑粉病 浸种处理 冬孢子 最低抑制浓度 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]