法国向日葵种子中向日葵黑茎病菌的首次截获与检测  

First report of Phoma macdonaldii Boerma intercepted and inspected in sunflower seeds from France

作　　者：罗加凤[1] 吴品珊[2] 张祥林[3] 黄国明[1] 刘鹏[1] 廖芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津出入境检验检疫局,天津300456 [2]中国检验检疫科学研究院 [3]新疆出入境检验检疫局

出　　处：《植物检疫》2012年第3期47-51,共5页Plant Quarantine

摘　　要：从法国进境向日葵种子中分离到3株疑似向日葵黑茎病的菌株,对所有菌株进行形态学、致病性测定和分子序列比对分析。分离菌菌落乳白色或象牙色至灰白色,有大量黑褐色分生孢子器产生,分生孢子器球形至扁球形,内含无色单胞、卵圆形分生孢子,有明显或不明显油球;针刺接种4片真叶向日葵幼苗的下胚轴,7～9d后茎部产生典型黑茎病黑色椭圆形病斑,病斑上着生黑色分生孢子器;菌丝DNA用ActF1/R1和ITS1/ITS4扩增,序列与NCBI基因库中P.macdonaldii序列相似性为98%～100%。形态学、分子生物学及致病性检测结果显示,截获的3株菌均为向日葵黑茎病菌。Three isolates similar to Phoma macdonaldii were obtained from French sunflower seeds . The results of tests of morphology, pathogenicity and sequence alignment are showed as follows. The colonies were milk white to ivory and light grey color, which contained pycnidia. Pycnidia were oblate to spherical containing hyaline pyc- nidiospores which unicellular, kidney - shaped, with one guttulate at each end. All isolates were inoculated on lower hypocotyl during the V4（4 -true - leaf）growth stage of seedlings. Typical symptoms of black stem were observed after 79 d inoculation. Dark pycnidia appeared on dark oval - shaped lesions of stem. DNA extraction from mycelia were amplified with ActF1/R1 and ITS1/ITS4 primers. Compared with P. macdonaldii in NCBI da- tabases, the sequences had 98%100% identity. Morphology, PCR and pathogenicity test results showed that the three isolates were identified as P. macdonaldii.

关 键 词：向日葵黑茎病 形态学特征 致病性测定 序列比对 

分 类 号：S412[农业科学—植物保护] S432.4