大一学生心理状态与防御机制的相关研究  

Research of the State of Freshman Students with the Psychological Defense Mechanism

作　　者：陈琴 郑万鸣 彭艺萍 佟圣丽 戴后清[2] 

机构地区：[1]宜昌市优抚医院精神科,宜昌443000 [2]三峡大学理工学院,宜昌443000

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2012年第3期546-547,550,共3页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

基　　金：湖北省宜昌市科技发展计划项目(A09301-52)

摘　　要：目的:探讨大一学生心理健康状况并探讨此心理状况与防御机制(DSQ)的可能关系。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和防御机制(DSQ)量表对345名大一学生进行调查。结果:大一学生SCL-90阳性项目数及各因子分除了躯体化因子外均与常模有显著性差异(P<0.01),大一学生防御机制的因子分中,大一学生最常用的10种心理防御机制是:期望、升华、压抑、幻想、回避、制止、解除、假性利他、分裂、交往倾向。SCL-90的总分和总症状指数与心理防御机制中的不成熟防御机制、中间型防御机制和掩饰有显著性的相关,与成熟型防御机制没有相关性。防御机制与心理健康状况总体指标进行回归分析,只有潜意显现、幻想、投射、统一化、抱怨进入回归方程。结论:(1)大一学生的基础心理健康水平有别于一般人群;(2)正常人若过多使用不良的防御机制应付生活中的冲突或挫折,将导致心理健康水平的下降。Objective：To explore psychological situation of the freshman students and the relationship of SCL-90 and DSQ.Methods：To conduct an investigation for 345 first-year students using SCL-90 and DSQ.Results：SCL-90 positive items and the scores of factors are significantly different to normal values（P0.01） except somatization factor.The most common psychological defense mechanism are：expectations,sublimation,suppression,fantasy,avoidance,stop,relief,pseudo-altruism,split,tendency to contact.SCL-90 total score and total symptom index is closely related to the unmature or middle defense mechanism and is not related to mature defense mechanism.Only potential image,fantasy,projection,unity and complain enter the regression equation.Conclusion：（1）The mental health of first year students is different from that of the general population;（2）Excessive use of wrong defense mechanisms to cope with the conflict or frustration of daily life conflict or frustration will lead to a decline in the level of mental health.

关 键 词：大一学生 心理健康 防御机制 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]