肝硬化早期肝纤维化的形成和影响因素  

The formation of cirrhosis of liver fibrosis in the early stage and related factors

作　　者：娄晓盈[1] 曹露[1] 施晓柯[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市中山大学中山医学院,病理学和病理生理学广州510080

出　　处：《中山大学研究生学刊（自然科学与医学版）》2012年第1期14-20,共7页Journal of the Graduates Sun YAT-SEN University(Natural Sciences.Medicine)

摘　　要：肝纤维化是细胞外基质合成与降解平衡失调。早期的纤维化是可逆的,但到后期有再生结节形成时则不可逆。活跃的星状细胞是形成纤维化的关键环节。肝纤维化主要与以下因素有关,即肾素-血管紧张素系统(reninangiotensin system,RAS)﹑基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMPS)﹑转化生长因子β(transforming growth factor-beta,TGFβ)﹑结缔组织生长因子(connec tivetissue growth factor,CTGF)和血小板源生长因子(plateletderived growth factor,PDGF)。同时肝硬化的一些病因也是肝纤维化的危险因素,例如病毒性肝炎﹑酒精中毒﹑高半胱氨酸血症﹑胆汁淤积﹑工业毒物和药物等。Liver fibrosis is caused by the imbalance of extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation. The deformation and necrosis of the liver cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, the disorder role of cytokine, the dramatic proliferation of myofibroblasts can all stimulate the overproduction and precipitation of the extracellular matrix,. Fibrosis can be reversible in the early phase while irreversible with the nodule formation in the late phase. The active stellate cells are critical in the liver disease. The stellate cells which are stationary under normal conditions can transform into myofibroblasts once activated and then migrate to the portal area, forming the component of the extracellular matrix. The factors, such as the rennin-angiotensin system, matrix metalloproteinase （MMPS） , transforming growth factor 13 （TGF13）, connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）, platelet derived growth factor （PDGF） , have been found to be related with the liver fibrosis. Meanwhile, the cause of the liver cirrhosis has also been the risk factor of the liver fibrosis, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholism, hyperhomocysteinemia, cholestasis, industrial poisons and drugs.

关 键 词：肝纤维化 肝硬化 细胞因子 危险因素 

分 类 号：Q516[生物学—生物化学]