船撞桥墩现场试验的调研和设计  

Study and Design for Field Experiment of Ship Collision with Bridge

作　　者：陈国虞 杨黎明[1,2,3] 刘军[1,2,3] 郑丹[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋钢结构研究所,上海201204 [2]宁波大学,宁波315211 [3]重庆交通大学,重庆400067

出　　处：《广东造船》2012年第2期53-57,共5页Guangdong shipbuilding

摘　　要：现在,解决工程力学问题的方法有三种:理论推演、数值计算和实验。由于实验的成本高,通常仅用于发展理论和验证数值计算的方法、程序时才使用。本文参照2003年作者提出的船撞桥墩模拟试验的4项目的,学习和总结自1959年以来,进行的16项(中、外各8项)船撞桥墩试验,(其中有平头的驳船,也有尖头的一般货船;有实船试验,还有原理性试验)。评述了这些试验的背景对象、试验项目和试验结果。通过这些研究,可以设计出我们这项筹备经年、耗资百万的试验预期可以达到4项目的:宏观地显示撞后船头被拨开;船的速度(向量)改变;在防撞装置前后力的降低,以及撞击过程的能量转换。本试验将有助于验证各类理论、公式和程序方法,有助于发展既保护桥又保护船和环境的防撞装置。There are three methods that resolve engineering mechanics problem, including theoretical deducing, numerical calculation and experiment. Due to the cost of experiment is great, it is only used for developing theories and verifying a calculating method. Based on the 4 aims which we put forward in 2003 for simulated field experiment of ship collision with bridge and 16 field experiments of ship collision with bridge since 1959, we design a field experiment and predict the 4 aims will be achieved, that is macroscopically the ship＇s bow can be poke aside; the speed of ship become slow and its direction returns to the sea route; the collision force is reduced with collision proof device and the energy conversion is completed. This field experiment would contribute to verifying theories, formulae, procedures and developing anti-collision device which will protect bridge, ship and environment simultaneously.

关 键 词：船撞桥墩 冲击动力学 现场试验 工程力学 验证软件 

分 类 号：U661.7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]