成都市城市人群慢性肾脏病流行病学调查  

Epidemiologic investigation of chronic kidney disease in Chengdu urban population

作　　者：郭宗琳[1] 王启容[2] 周雅南[1] 梁江红[1] 董俊邑 付彬[1] 杨福华[1] 卢小琼 苏晓渝[2] 付平[3] 

机构地区：[1]成都铁路分局医院肾内科,成都610081 [2]成都铁路分局医院医务部 [3]四川大学华西医院肾内科

出　　处：《中华肾脏病杂志》2012年第6期444-449,共6页Chinese Journal of Nephrology

基　　金：四川省卫生厅科研课题（080086）

摘　　要：目的探讨成都市城市人群中慢性肾脏病（CKD）的患病情况和相关危险因素，以及危险人群CKD的患病情况。方法通过对成都市常住居民中的铁路职工健康体检，进行CKD及相关危险因素的问卷调查（既往史、吸烟、饮酒等）、体格检查（血压、身高和体质量等）和相关血尿指标检测（血糖、血脂、血尿酸、血肌酐、尿微量白蛋白／肌酐比值、尿常规等），了解成都市城市人群CKD的患病情况及相关危险因素，以及危险人群CKD的患病情况。结果在5326例资料完整的人群中，经过人口年龄和性别构成比校正后，白蛋白尿的患病率为11．54％，肾功能下降的患病率为5．54％，血尿的患病率为3．87％。该人群中CKD的患病率为18．32％，知晓率为1．93％。3098例高血压、糖尿病和高血脂人群中，白蛋白尿的患病率分别为23．79％、28．00％、14．08％；肾功能下降的患病率分别为4．76％、4．53％、3．26％；血尿的患病率分别为2．94％、3．20％、2．37％。多因素Logistic回归提示，女性、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂和高体质量指数是白蛋白尿的独立危险因素；女性、年龄、高尿酸和高血压是肾功能下降的独立危险因素，而饮酒与肾功能下降呈负相关；女性和年龄是血尿的独立危险因素。结论成都市城市人群中，CKD的患病率较高，知晓率较已报道的城市人群低。相关危险因素包括年龄、女性、糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、高尿酸、高体质量指数等。控制代谢性疾病的发生发展可减少CKD的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease （CKD） in Chengdu urban population and the prevalence of CKD in risk population. Methods Questionnaire （anamnesis, smoking, drink） of risk factors of CKD and somatoscopy （blood pressure, body height and body weight） were carried out in railman of Chengdu urban. Their blood and urine indicators （blood sugar, blood lipid, blood uric acid, blood creatinine, uromicroprotein/creatinine ratio, routine urine examination, etc） were measured. The prevalence and risk factors of CKD in Chengdu urban population and the prevalence of CKD in risk population were elucidated. Results Eligible data of 5326 subjects were enrolled in the study. After the adjustment of age and gender component, the prevalence of albuminuria was 11.54%, reduced eGFR was 5.54%, hematuria was 3.87%, and CKD was 18.32%; the recognition was 1.93%. Inaddition, the prevalence of albuminuria was respectively 23.79%, 28.00%, 14.08%; prevalence of reduced eGFR was respectively 4.76%, 4.53%, 3.26%; prevalence of hematuria was respectively 2.94%, 3.20%, 2.37% in 3098 people with hypertension, diabetes or hyperlipaemia. Independent risk factors of albuminuria were female, hypertension, diabetes, hyperllpemia and high BMI. Independent risk factors of reduced eGFR were female, age, hyperuricemia and hypertension. Drink was negatively correlated with reduced eGFR. Independent risk factors of hematuria were female and age. Conclusions The prevalence of CKD is quite high and the recognition rate is low in the Chengdu urban populaton. Risk factors of CKD are age, female, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipemia, hyperuricemia and high BMI. Control of the development of metabolic disease can reduce the CKD.

关 键 词：肾疾病 筛查 患病率 流行病学 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R181.3[医药卫生—外科学]