2007年夏季黄河口及其邻近水域浮游动物的群落特征  

Study on the Zooplankton Community Structure in the Yellow River Estuary and Its Adjacent Waters in Summer,2007

作　　者：马静[1] 陈洪举[1,2] 刘光兴[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第5期74-80,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40876066);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2005CB422306)资助

摘　　要：利用2007年夏季在黄河口及其邻近水域以浅水Ⅰ型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物样品,对浮游动物种类组成、丰度分布和群落结构进行分析;同时结合环境参数,初步探讨浮游动物与环境因子的关系。结果显示:夏季共鉴定浮游动物52种(不包括浮游幼体20类),浮游动物平均丰度为4769.6ind/m3,香农-威纳指数和均匀度指数分别为2.34和0.48。浮游动物优势种类为:柱头幼虫(tornaria larvae)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)和双毛纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)。其中体长较小(0.7～1.1mm)的柱头幼虫和小拟哲水蚤是最重要的优势种类。据各站位浮游动物种类组成和丰度,用聚类分析法可将该水域浮游动物划分为3个组群。相关性分析表明,影响黄河口及邻近水域浮游动物群落结构的主要环境因子组合为底温、表盐和水深。Zooplankton composition,abundance and dominant species were studied based on the zooplankton samples collected in the Yellow River Estuary and its adjacent waters in Summer,2007,zooplankton community structure and its influencing factors were analyzed with multivariate analysis method based on the sample data and environmental parameters.A total of 72 zooplankton taxa（including 20 pelagic larvae） were identified.The tornaria larvae,Paracalanus parvus,Calanus sinicus,Sagitta crassa and Acartia bifilosa were the dominant species,especially,tornaria larvae and Paracalanus parvus whose bodies were small（ranged from 0.7~1.10 mm） were the most important dominant species.The average abundance of zooplankton was 4769.6 ind/m3,and the diversity indexes,Shannon-Weaner index（H′） and Pielou（J） were 2.34 and 0.48 respectively.According to the zooplankton species composition and abundance at each stations,three assemblages or communities were differentiated for the zooplankton by using the method of cluster analysis.The primary environmental factors that impacted the distribution of zooplankton in the surveyed waters were surface temperature,bottom salinity and water depth.The research can provide fundamental information for the long-term monitoring of zooplankton ecology in the Yellow River Estuary and adjacent sea area.

关 键 词：黄河口 浮游动物 群落结构 聚类分析 

分 类 号：Q178.14[生物学—水生生物学]