企业家才能配置与土地集中效应差异——18～19世纪中国与英国的比较  

The Allocation of Entrepreneurial Talent and the Effect Difference of Land Concentration:Comparison between China and Britain in 18～19 Century

作　　者：谢冬水[1] 李润平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学经济学院,北京100081

出　　处：《首都经济贸易大学学报》2012年第3期79-86,共8页Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目<基于循环可持续性发展范式的资源优化位置策略研究>(71003115)

摘　　要：本文通过企业家才能配置模型对中国历史上的土地兼并与英国圈地运动产生的经济效应之间的差异进行了比较分析。分析表明,中英制度环境的不同决定了两国企业家在生产性活动和非生产性活动之间的配置存在着差异。圈地运动时期英国的制度环境促使地主阶层成为一个经营者阶层,从而推动了资本主义农场的兴起、技术革新和农业飞跃发展;而传统中国社会的制度环境则鼓励企业家流向官僚阶层,官僚阶层兼并土地后并不直接经营,而是成为食利阶级从土地所有权中获取收入,因而阻碍了资本主义农场的发展,抑制了技术创新和经济增长。Using a model concerning the allocation of entrepreneurial talent, this paper analyzes the differences of economic effect between Chinese land annexation and British enclosure movement. It shows that the differences of institutional environment between Britain and China determine their differences of entrepreneurship allocation mode. During the enclosure movement, British institutional environment promoted landlords as a class of operators, thereby promoted the rise of capitalist farm, technological innovation and agricultural development. But in traditional China, the institutional environment encouraged entrepreneurs to flow into bureaucracy, the bureaucracy annexed land and became a parasitic class, Thus prevented the emergence of capitalist farm, restricted technological innovation and economic growth.

关 键 词：土地兼并 圈地运动 企业家才能配置 制度 

分 类 号：F014[经济管理—政治经济学]