杏叶腺毛的结构和功能研究  

Study on structure and function of apricot leaf glandular trichomes

作　　者：刘林[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂大学生命科学学院,临沂276005

出　　处：《果树学报》2012年第3期355-358,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：临沂大学科研基金(200142;XH09104);临沂大学学科带头人基金(200110);临沂市科技局计划项目(200101);山东省教育厅科研计划项目(J01H51)

摘　　要：植物腺毛通常分化出柄部和头部,为了解杏叶腺毛柄部和头部的结构与功能,对杏叶腺毛做半薄和超薄切片,用光学与透射电子显微镜观察。结果表明,杏叶腺毛柄部和头部都是多细胞结构,在超微结构水平上柄部与头部有三方面显著区别:(1)柄部质体分化成具发达类囊体和基粒的叶绿体,积累淀粉,而头部质体不分化,为原质体,含大量管状内膜结构,不积累淀粉或其他贮藏物质;(2)柄部液泡少而体积大,液泡内没有可见物质积累,相反,头部液泡多而体积小,液泡内积累电子染色深的酚类物质;(3)与柄部相比,头部具更多内质网。显然,杏叶腺毛柄部和头部有不同的超微结构和生化功能,包括柄部进行光合作用,头部负责酚类物质的合成与积累。Glandular trichomes of plants usually consist of a stalk and a head. In order to understand the structural and functional features of the two parts, glandular triehomes of apricot leaves were investigated by means of both light and transmission electron microscopy. It was demonstrated that both the stem and the head of the glandular triehome were multieellular and eontained rieh organelles. Comparisons revealed differences between the two parts in three aspects： （1） the plastids differentiated into chloroplasts in the stem, whereas remained as proplastids in the head, the chloroplasts contained rieh thylakoids, grana and starch grains, while the proplastids contained numerous tubules without any visual storage; （2） vaeuoles were less in number but larger in size in the stem than in the head, vaeuoles in the stem did not accumulate electron-dense substances, while electron-dense phenolic aceumulation oecurred in vaeuoles in the head; （3） endoplasmic reticula were much rieher in the head than in the stem. It is coneluded that the ultrastruetures of the stem and head are distinct and the differenees indieate distinet biochemical function in the stem and the head, e.g., the former is involved in photosynthesis, while the later responsible for synthesis and accumulation of phenolie eompounds.

关 键 词：杏 杏叶腺毛 超微结构 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]