南方某县乡镇饮用水中挥发性有机物的检测及风险评价  

Detection and Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Rural Drinking Water in a County

作　　者：史红星[1] 梁存珍[2] 於俊杰[3] 白云[1] 王庚[1] 

机构地区：[1]防化研究院,北京市1044信箱504号102205 [2]北京石油化工学院环境工程系,北京市大兴区清源北路19号102617 [3]环境保护部环境与经济政策研究中心

出　　处：《光谱实验室》2012年第3期1628-1632,共5页Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory

基　　金：环保部公益性行业研究专向(200909054);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:20677078)

摘　　要：在南方某癌症高发县5个乡镇10个村进行布点取样,采集深层地下水与浅层地下水共计20个水样。采用吹扫捕集与气相色谱-质谱联用方法测定水样中13种挥发性有机物(VOCs),检出二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、苯和四氯化碳4种VOCs,其浓度分别为0.36—13.52、0.41—18.71、0.57—11.75μg/L和1.56—214.62μg/L。1个水样中苯和16个水样中四氯化碳超过GB 5749-2006规定的限值。采用优化的USEPA风险评价模型,对VOCs进行人体健康风险评价,其非致癌风险指数0.0073—0.7100,致癌风险水平1.98×10-6—1.99×10-4,全部水样的致癌风险水平超过10-6水质监控值,1个水样的致癌风险水平超过10-4的可接受水平。四氯化碳对非致癌风险指数和致癌风险水平贡献最大。Twenty water samples from 10 villages of 5 towns in a high cancer incidence county in Huaian City were collected.The 13 kinds of volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in water samples from deep underground water and shallow groundwater were analyzed by GC-MS with purge and trap system.The results showed that 4 substances were detected including dichloromethane,chloroform,benzene,carbon tetrachloride,and their concentrations were respectively 0.36—13.52μg/L,0.41—18.71μg/L,0.57—11.75μg/L and 1.56—214.62μg/L.Concentrations of benzene in one water sample and carbon tetrachloride in 16 water samples exceeded the standard levels.The health-based risk of VOCs was assessed by optimal USEPA model.The non-carcinogenic risk index was from 0.0073 to 0.7100 and the carcinogenic level was between 1.98×10-6 and 1.99×10-4.The carcinogenic risk level of all water samples exceeded the recommended risk level（10-6）,and a sample exceeded the acceptable level（10-4）.Carbon tetrachloride was the most important substances to the non-carcinogenic risk index and carcinogenic risk level of VOCs.

关 键 词：乡镇饮用水 挥发性有机物 气相色谱-质谱法 风险评价 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学]