干旱区农业水资源供需水预测分析及对策研究  

A Predictive Analysis of Supply and Demand of Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Areas and Countermeasures

作　　者：刘敏[1] 王玉蓉[1] 徐爽[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,成都610065

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2012年第5期49-51,53,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50279025)

摘　　要：针对西北干旱区农业水资源短缺的问题,以新疆洛浦县为例,从作物种植结构调整和灌溉面积变化、灌溉水利用系数提高及灌溉方式改变等方面进行节水分析,并对预测水平年农业供需水平衡进行了预测计算,预测结果表明:现有的灌排工程不能满足农业可持续发展要求;提高灌溉水利用系数势在必行;采用滴灌技术极大地减少了农业用水量,是解决农业供需水矛盾的有效措施。最后,根据预测结果,提出了解决农业水资源短缺、可持续发展的对策,为其他区域水资源的合理开发利用提供有益的参考。For the shortage of agricultural water resources in arid areas in northwest China, with Lop County in Xinjiang as an exam- ple, water-saving is analyzed in this paper from the following aspects： planting structure adjustment and irrigation area change of crops, improvement of irrigation water utilization coefficient, and change of irrigation methods etc. The agricultural water supply and demand balance in the future is predicted and calculated. The prediction results show that the existing irrigation and drainage projects cannot meet the requirements of the sustainable development of agriculture. It is imperative to improve the utilization coeffi- cient of irrigated water. The drip irrigation technology can reduce greatly the water demand of agriculture, and it is an effective measure to solve the contradiction of supply and demand of water. Finally, according to predication results, strategies are proposed for the shortage of agriculture water resources and sustainable development. Useful references are provided for the rational develop- ment and utilization of water resources in other areas.

关 键 词：干旱区 农业灌溉 水资源 供需平衡 

分 类 号：S273[农业科学—农业水土工程]