新城疫病毒GX-08流行株对鸡和鸭的致病性研究  

Study on Pathogenicity of Newcastle Disease Virus Prevalence Strain GX-08 to Chickens and Ducks

作　　者：黄兴国[1] 蔡丽丽[2] 王俊峰[2] 王政富[1] 黄淑坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院生命科学学院,广东佛山528231 [2]华南农业大学兽医学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2012年第5期176-182,共7页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广东省科技厅农业攻关项目(2009B020418003)

摘　　要：选取新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)GX-08株对26日龄雏鸡和20日龄雏番鸭进行人工感染试验,对体外细胞培养物进行致病性试验,并进行病理组织学观察。结果表明,以105.5 EID50的攻毒剂量对26日龄雏鸡和20日龄雏番鸭通过肌注接种,雏鸡的发病率和死亡率分别为100%和100%,雏番鸭的发病率和死亡率分别为70%和70%;通过点眼、滴鼻及口服接种,雏鸡的发病率和死亡率分别为80%和30%,雏番鸭的发病率和死亡率分别为20%和20%。感染鸡消化器官和部分呼吸器官病变严重,表现出典型的嗜内脏型NDV感染的病理变化特点;感染鸭则肝脏、脾脏和胰腺等实质器官病变明显,消化器官和部分呼吸器官病变较轻微。以200TCID50的剂量对单层鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)和鸭胚成纤维细胞(DEF)接种,结果CEF和DEF均于24h左右开始出现病变,并分别于96和84h左右细胞单层完全被破坏。与CEF相比,DEF接种病毒后,细胞坏死、裂解过程迅速,合胞体形成现象显著,合胞体的数量及合胞体平均含有的胞核数较多,病毒接种后培养物上清的HA效价峰值也较高,表明GX-08株均可致CEF和DEF病变,且对DEF有更强的细胞融合能力。In this study, GX-08 strain was selected to perform virus infection test on 26 d chickens and 20 d muscovy ducks at the dose of 105^5.5 EIDs0. The morbility and mortality of chickens infected with viruses through intramuscular route were 100 % and 100%, 70% and 70% for muscovy ducks. The morbility and mortality of chicken infected with viruses through both oral and oculonasal routes were 80% and 30%, 20% and 20% in muscovy ducks. Pathological changes of digestive tract and some respiratory tract of the infected chicken were severe, which was characterized as the infection of typical viseeratonia ND. In comparison with slight pathological changes in digestive tract and some respiratory tract, obvious pathological change were ob- served in liver, spleen, pancreas etc. of muscovy ducks. It indicated that GX-08 strain had highly pathogenicity in ducks and chickens, causing systemic infections involving many organs and tissues in duck and chicken, and resulting in the invasion and death. In in vitro tests, cell lesions could be observed in both CEF monolayers and DEF monolayers inoculated with GX-08 strain at the dose of 200 TCIDs0, and the cells were destroyed completely at about 96 and 84 h respectively. In comparison with CEFs, the cytopathic effect on DEFs infected with virus developed more rapidly, the number of syncytial cells and its nuclei were more, and the HA titer in the culture supernatants was higher. The results indicated that GX-08 strain could cause cytopathie effects to CEFs and DEFs, and induced stronger syncytium formation in DEFs than CEFs.

关 键 词：新城疫病毒 鸡 鸭 病理变化 细胞病变 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]