玉米秸秆造夹层处理对西辽河地区盐碱地改良效应研究  

Studies on Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soil with the Interlayer of Maize Straw in West Liaohe Region

作　　者：范富[1] 徐寿军[1] 宋桂云[1] 张庆国[1] 侯迷红[1] 宋雪峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028043

出　　处：《土壤通报》2012年第3期696-701,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(20080404MS0607);内蒙古民族大学基金项目(MDX2008017)和内蒙古民族大学科研创新团队支持计划(NMD1003)资助

摘　　要：利用玉米秸秆造夹处理改良西辽河地区盐碱土,2年的试验结果表明：物理性状的改良效果不甚明显,土壤的容重下降了0.01~0.05 g cm-3,土粒密度下降了0.01~0.03 g cm-3,孔隙度从原来的49.3%增加到了50.4%;化学性状的改良效果较为明显,pH值总体上下降了1.0~1.5个单位,土壤养分增加,阳离子和阴离子含量降低,含盐量明显下降。其中,以秸秆用量为6 kg m-2、掩埋深度为10 cm的处理组合改良效果最为显著,土壤的有机质增加了57.9%,碱解氮增加了132.5%,速效磷增加了215.4%;盐碱土全盐量降低1.985 g kg-1,脱盐率达到57.5%,土壤溶液中Na＋下降了39.6%,碱化度下降了32.3%,pH值下降1.5个单位;裸燕麦的出苗率增加了39.6%,发黄率下降了65.9%,产量达到228.4 g m-2,与对照相比,差异均达极显著水平。The interlayer of maize straw was used to improve saline and alkali soil in West Liaohe region.The results obtained in two years showed that soil physical characteristics were slightly improved,the soil bulk density degraded by 0.01-0.05 g cm-3,soil particle density decreased by 0.01-0.03 g cm-3,and soil porosity increased from 49.3% to 50.4%.The soil chemical properties were significantly improved,soil pH raised by 1.0-1.5 unit,soil nutrients increased,the content of cation and anion decreased,and soil salt content degraded obviously.The treatment using 6 kg m-2 maize straw and 10 cm-depth burying got the best results.Soil organic matter increased by 57.9%,soil available N improved by 132.5%,and soil available P rise by 215.4%.Total salt content of saline alkali soil decreased by 1.985 g kg-1,desalination rate were 57.5%,exchangeable sodium degraded by 39.6%,soil alkalinity dropped by 32.3%,and pH fell by 1.5unit.The seedling rate of naked oat raised by 39.6%,yellow rate dropped by 65.9%,yield reached 228.4 g/m2,and the difference of yield reached the significant level compared with the control.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 盐碱土 改良效应 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]