从使用武力法看保护的责任理论  

Doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect from the Perspective of the Law of Use of Force

作　　者：黄瑶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院

出　　处：《法学研究》2012年第3期195-208,共14页Chinese Journal of Law

基　　金：广东省社科规划项目(批准号:09G-04);国家社会科学基金项目(批准号:08&ZD055)的资助

摘　　要：保护的责任是21世纪初国际上出现的新理论。将该理论中的军事干涉因素与《联合国宪章》关于使用武力的规定进行比较,观察近10年来国际社会的有关实践,可以认为该理论并未在国际法上改变现行的使用武力法规则,国际社会对该理论中军事干涉问题并未形成共识。现阶段对以军事手段实施保护责任应持谨慎态度。The responsibility to protect （R2P） is a new concept or doctrine which appeared at the beginning of the 21st century in the international community. It has not only a close connection with some fundamental principles of international law and international relations, such as state sovereignty, non--intervention in the internal affairs of other states, the prohibition of the use of force and human rights protection etc. , but also has involvement in or an impact on the practices on the hot issues in the international community. Therefore, the R2P doctrine initiates immedi- ately concern and discussion in the international community once it was put forward, and the mili- tary intervention within the R2P doctrine is the most critical and controversial problem. By comparing the military intervention under the R2P and the provisions of the use of force in the U. N. Charter, the author points out that, on the one hand, it should be affirmed that the military intervention within R2P, which is different from unilateral humanitarian intervention, is progressive to some extent. R2P advocates that the military intervention should obtain a legiti- mate basis through the authorization of the U. N. , which is the greatest distinction between the doctrine and humanitarian intervention. On the other hand, R2P attempts to re--interpret the terms relating to the use of force of the U. N. Charter through a flexible expansion of interpreta- tion, to extend the authorization or permission of the use of force from the U. N. and increase possibility for military intervention. It can be seen from the ten years practices since the birth of the R2P concept that the only ap- plication of military intervention under R2P is the response to the situation in Libya. It seems that the international community parties so far do not reach consensus on the sensitive issue of military application of R2P, and still hold cautious position on implementing the R2P by military means. The R2P doctrine has so far not modified the present law of the u

关 键 词：保护的责任 军事干涉 《联合国宪章》 国际法 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]