新疆伊犁两种生境无芒雀麦种群的年龄结构  

The age structure of Bromus inermis populations in two habitats in Yili of Xinjiang

作　　者：张维[1,2] 贾娜尔.阿汗 张娜[1] 李海燕[2] 杨允菲[2] 李建东[2] 

机构地区：[1]伊犁师范学院化学与生物科学学院,新疆伊宁835000 [2]东北师范大学草地科学研究所植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《草业科学》2012年第5期798-803,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160072;31170504);新疆高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2008I36);伊犁师范学院科研项目(2009-17)

摘　　要：2010年8月,通过单位面积取样的方法,对新疆伊犁草甸和干旱两种生境无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)自然种群分蘖株、根茎、冬性苗和芽的年龄结构进行了分析,旨在揭示无芒雀麦种群在不同生境条件下的繁殖潜力。结果表明,无芒雀麦种群分蘖株、根茎、冬性苗和芽在两种生境中均以最低的两个龄级占优势。种群生殖分蘖株有3个龄级,营养分蘖株、根茎、冬性苗和芽均有4个龄级;根茎分蘖节最多繁殖4个世代,最多可存活5个生长季。种群的分蘖株数量、芽数量和根茎长度为草甸生境>干旱生境,冬性苗数量为草甸生境<干旱生境。营养分蘖株和冬性苗数量为1龄>2龄>3龄>4龄,芽数量为0龄>1龄>2龄>3龄。两种生境下,无芒雀麦种群分蘖株、根茎、冬性苗和芽等构件均呈增长型年龄结构。In order to evaluate the reproduction potential of natural populations of Bromus inermis in Yili of Xinjiang, the age structure of tillers, rhizomes, winterness tillers and buds of B. inermis sampled from the fields by an unit area sampling method in two habitats （meadow or arid habitat） were analyzed in August 2010. The results showed that in two habitats, the dominance level of tillers, rhizomes, winterness tillers and buds of B. inermis populations at the lowest two age classes was significantly higher than those in oth- er age classes. Reproductive tillers had three age classes, while vegetative tillers, rhizomes, winterness tillers and buds all had four age classes. The tiller nodes of rhizome could reproduce a maximum of four generations and survive for up to five growing seasons. The number of tillers and buds, and the length of rhizomes of populations in the meadow habitat were larger than those in the arid habitat; while the number of winterness tillers was opposite. The ranking of the number of vegetative tillers and winterness tillers were 1-year-old〉2-year-sold〉3-year-old〉4-year-old, the number of buds was 0-year-old〉 1-year-old〉2- year-old〉3-year-old. The components of tillers, rhizomes, winterness tillers and buds of B. inermis natural populations showed expansive age structures in toth habitats.

关 键 词：无芒雀麦 分蘖株 根茎 潜在种群 年龄结构 

分 类 号：S543.8[农业科学—作物学]