微生物絮凝剂用于河道疏浚底泥快速脱水的研究  

Research of microbial flocculants in dredging sediment dewatering

作　　者：于荣丽[1] 孙铁珩[1,2] 孙丽娜[2] 胡筱敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]沈阳大学污染环境的生态修复与资源化技术教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110044

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2012年第5期35-38,42,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2009ZX07528-006-04);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项"城市重污染河道综合整治技术研究"(No.2008ZX07208-003-004)

摘　　要：河道疏浚底泥含水率高、体积庞大,不便于储存、运输和资源化利用。首先需要对其进行减量化,使其快速脱水。通过筛选获得一株高效的微生物絮凝剂产生菌F22,通过试验获得其最佳培养条件:葡萄糖为碳源,酵母膏和尿素为氮源,培养时间为60h,培养温度为32℃。将F22菌株所产絮凝剂应用于底泥脱水,试验结果表明,当底泥泥浆(含水率为93%)体积为100mL时,絮凝体系最佳pH为8～10,助凝剂CaCl2最佳投加量为4～5mL,F22菌株发酵液最佳投加量为3mL;絮体在1min左右大部分沉降至底部,F22菌株所产絮凝剂能够使底泥快速脱水。F22菌株所产絮凝剂在絮凝过程中起作用的是糖类物质,其通过氢键结合力产生絮凝作用。The high water content and large volume of dredging sediment made it uneasy to transport,storage and reutilize.Thus,the volume reduction was very important in dredging sediment treatment.A high-efficiency microbial flocculant-producing strain F22 was screened and cultured in the lad,the optimal culture conditions were obtained as follow： glucose as carbon source,yeast extract and urea as nitrogen source,culture at 32 ℃ for 60 h.The experiment was carried out to use F22 for rapid dehydrate of dredging sediment.The results shown that,when the water content rate of the dredging sediment was 93%,the volume was 100 mL and pH ranged 8-10,optimum dosage of CaCl2 was 4-5 mL,and the optimum dosage of F22 fermentation liquid was 3 mL.After adding the F22 fermentation liquid in dredging sediment,the floc was sedimentated to the bottom in about one minute.The results indicated that the F22 had perfect dewater capacity;saccharide played an important role in the flocculation process of microbial flocculants;the flocculating mechanism was hydrogen bonding.

关 键 词：疏浚底泥 河道底泥 微生物絮凝剂 脱水 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]