PCR法与培养法检测儿童肺炎易感细菌结果比较  

Comparison of culture and PCR assay for detection of susceptibility bacteria of pneumonia in children

作　　者：薛冠华[1] 徐文健[2] 马晓红[2] 冯燕玲[1] 马丽娟[2] 孙红妹[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所细菌研究室,100020 [2]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院检验科

出　　处：《北京医学》2012年第6期466-469,共4页Beijing Medical Journal

基　　金：北京市优秀人才基金(2010D003034000035)

摘　　要：目的探讨PCR法和培养法对儿童肺炎易感细菌检测的应用价值。方法采用PCR法及细菌培养法对113例呼吸道感染患儿的临床标本进行检测,对两种检测方法的结果进行比较。结果 113例临床标本中,培养法检测阳性率46.9%(53/113),其中流感嗜血杆菌2例,大肠埃希菌8例,肺炎克雷伯菌15例,肺炎链球菌3例,金黄色葡萄球菌12例,表皮葡萄球菌6例,铜绿假单胞菌7例。PCR法检测阳性率69.9%(79/113),在79例阳性标本中检出病原菌85株,其中73例标本检测出单一病原,6例标本为混合感染。流感嗜血杆菌18例,大肠埃希菌8例,肺炎克雷伯菌17例,肺炎链球菌16例,金黄色葡萄球菌10例,表皮葡萄球菌10例,铜绿假单胞菌6例。结论与培养法相比,PCR法可以提高肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌等较难培养细菌的检出率,应将PCR法与培养法结合作为肺炎易感细菌的检测方法,为临床医师合理选择抗生素奠定基础。Objective To compare application value of culture and PCR assay to detect susceptibility bacteria of pneumonia in children.Methods PCR and culture assay were used to detect clinical specimens from 113 children with respiratory tract infection and the two methods were compared.Results Of the 113 clinical samples,the positive rate by culture was 46.9（53/113）,of which,2 were Haemophilus influenzae,8 were Escherichia coli,15 were Klebsiella pneumonia,3 were Streptococcus pneumonia,12 were Staphylococcus aureus,6 were Staphylococcus epidermidis,7 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The positive rate by PCR assay was 69.9%（79/113）,85 bacteria were detected in 79 samples,of which,18 were Haemophilus influenzae,8 were Escherichia coli,17 were Klebsiella pneumonia,16 were Streptococcus pneumonia,10 were Staphylococcus aureus,10 were Staphylococcus epidermidis,6 were Pseudomonas aeruginosa.73 samples were single bacteria infection and 6 samples were detected more than one type bacteria.Conclusion Compared with cultrue assay,PCR assay could improve the detection rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.PCR and culture assay should be combined to detect susceptibility bacteria of pneumonia and it is the foundation for clinicians to choose reasonable antibiotics.

关 键 词：PCR法 培养法 肺炎 儿童 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]