2009年我国部分麦区小麦白粉病菌群体对温度的敏感性研究  

The sensitivity of population of Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici isolates to temperature in 2009

作　　者：明章勇[1,2] 王保通[1] 周益林[2] 段霞瑜[2] 邹亚飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2012年第3期290-296,共7页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB951503);农业部财政专项;国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD19B04);陕西省13115项目(2014ZDKG-08)

摘　　要：用小麦离体叶段法,设置22、23、24、25和26℃共5个温度处理,对2009年采自四川、北京、甘肃、河南、河北、陕西和湖北七省(市)的小麦白粉菌标样分离获得的129个单孢堆菌株对温度的敏感性进行了测定。结果表明,供试的129个菌株平均ET50为22.49℃,其中ET50最高为24.48℃,最低为19.88℃,供试菌株中40.52%的ET50介于23℃和24℃之间,占参试菌株的近一半,7.63%的供试菌株ET50≥24℃。不同省(市)的病菌群体对温度的敏感性存在一定差异,且病菌群体对温度的敏感性差异与经纬度存在显著或极显著的负相关关系。研究结果获得了温度对此病害的终止阈值平均为26.65℃,且对温度相对不敏感菌株在较高温度下的潜育期较短、病害的严重度较高。不同敏感性菌株的频率分布结果表明,自然环境中病菌群体已受到温度的选择压力。The sensitivity of 129 isolates of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici sampled from 7 provinces or cities such as Sichuan, Beijing, Gansu, Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi and Hubei in 2009 was tested. The detached leaf segment method was used at 5 different temperatures which were 22°C, 23°C, 24°C, 25°C and 26°C. The resuits showed that the mean ETs0 of tested isolates was 22.49°C. The highest and the lowest ETa0 of isolates were 24.48°C and 19.88°（2, respectively. ETa0 values of 40.52% isolates were between 23°C and 24°C repre sented nearly half of the isolates, and ETs0 values of 7.63% isolates were more than 24°C. There were a certain difference in sensitivity of pathogen populations to temperature among different provinces or cites, and sig nificantly or highly significantly negative relationships between the sensitivity of pathogen populations and the longitude or latitude. The mean value of temperature threshold of 129 isolates tested was 26.65°C. The latent period of the isolates which were relatively not sensitive to temperature was shorter, and their disease severity was higher than that of sensitive isolates at higher temperature. The results of frequency distribution of the iso lates with different sensitivity to temperatures revealed that the pathogen population in natural environment had been effected by the selection pressure of temperature.

关 键 词：小麦 白粉病菌 群体 温度 敏感性 

分 类 号：S435.121.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]