塔里木盆地塔里木沙拐枣群落特征  

The community characteristics of Calligonum roborowskii A.Los in Tarim Basin

作　　者：古丽努尔·沙比尔哈孜[1,2] 潘伯荣[1,2] 段士民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所吐鲁番沙漠植物园,吐鲁番838008

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第10期3288-3295,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070719);中国科学院西部之光人才培养计划项目(RCPY201004)

摘　　要：塔里木沙拐枣(Calligonum roborowskii)主产塔里木盆地,是该地区主要防风固沙先锋树种。以塔里木盆地5个天然塔里木沙拐枣群落为研究对象,通过样方调查,对物种组成,区系成分,群落结构,物种丰富度和多样性等要素进行了初步研究,结果表明:塔里木沙拐枣天然群落共出现种子植物11种,分属6科10属;该群落植物种类组成贫乏,区系成分简单。从属的地理成分分析来看,古地中海成分明显多于温带成分;群落生活型以高位芽植物占优势,1年生植物次之;群落的垂直结构简单,可分为灌木层、草本层;从多样性指数的数量特征来看,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数的变化范围为0.808—1.175,Simpson多样性指数的变化范围为0.489—0.641。Calligonum roborowskii A. Los is mainly distributed in Tarim basin. It is main sand-fixing pioneer species in this region. The community structure and species diversity of natural plant communities of C. roborowskii along 5 sampling location in Tarim basin were studied by the sample-plot survey method in this paper. The results showed that： （ 1 ） The species composition of C. roborowskii community was simple and there were 11 species belonging to 10 genera of 6 families. （2） The flora of major genus belongs to Mediterranea, West Asia to Central Asia elements. （3） According to Raunkiaer＇s statistics of life-form, the number of Phaenerophytes life -form of this community is dominated type, followed by the Therophytes. （4） The vertical structure of community can simply be divided into shrub layer and herb layer. （5） The Shannon-Wiener index ranged from 0. 808 to 1. 175 ; Simpson index ranged from 0. 489 to 0. 641. The result suggested that we should pay more attention to the ecological environment of Tarim basin and give good protection to the standing plant.

关 键 词：塔里木沙拐枣群落 群落结构 生物多样性指数 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]