有机无机复混肥优化化肥养分利用的效应与机理研究 Ⅰ.有机物料与尿素复混对玉米产量及肥料养分吸收利用的影响  

Effect and mechanism of organic-inorganic compound fertilization on chemical fertilizer utilization Ⅰ.Effect of urea compounded with organic material on maize yield and fertilizer utilization

作　　者：杜伟[1,3] 赵秉强[1] 林治安[2] 袁亮[2] 李燕婷[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部作物营养与施肥重点实验室,中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院德州盐碱土改良实验站,山东德州253015 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2012年第3期579-586,共8页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD10B03);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD11B05)资助

摘　　要：本研究采用团粒法工艺,利用味精厂制糖形成的糖渣(A)作为有机原料,与尿素复混制成有机无机复混氮肥,运用土柱栽培试验研究等尿素氮投入条件下(设置低、中、高3个施氮水平)不同有机无机比例的有机无机复混氮肥对玉米产量和养分吸收利用的影响。主要结果为,1)低氮、中氮和高氮水平下,有机无机复混氮肥处理平均玉米子粒产量比单施尿素处理的分别提高12.4%、4.8%和5.4%;低氮、中氮和高氮水平下,有机无机复混氮肥比对应的有机物料处理的增产幅度均大于尿素处理比对应的不施氮肥(CK)处理的增产幅度,有机物料与尿素复混,明显提高了尿素的增产效果。2)有机物料与化学氮肥复混具有优化化学肥料养分利用和提高化肥利用率的效果。低氮、中氮和高氮水平下,有机无机复混氮肥处理玉米植株氮素吸收量比尿素处理的分别提高29.0%、21.6%和18.9%;低氮、中氮和高氮水平下,有机无机复混氮肥处理化肥氮(尿素N)的表观利用率比尿素处理(尿素N)的氮肥表观利用率分别提高了33.5、11.6和13.0个百分点。In this study, an organic-inorganic compound N fertilizer was processed by combining organic waste material （from monosodium glutamate factory） with urea, and the potted plants experiments （setting up three input rates of urea-N ） were carried out to investigate effects of the organic-inorganic compound N fertilizer on crop yield, nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency of maize under the same urea-N application rate. The results show that compared to the urea treatment, maize grain yields are increased by 12.4% , 4. 8% and 5.4%, respectively under the low, medium and high N application rates. Under the same urea N application rate, the relative increases of maize grain yield of the organic-inorganic compound N fertilizer treatments to those of the corresponding organic material treatments are greater than those of the inorganic N fertilizer treatments and the no N fertilizer treatment.The organic-inorganic N fertilization increases uptakes of nutrients. At the low, medium and high urea-N application rates, N uptakes of maize plants are increased by 29.0%, 21.6%, and 18.9% respectively under the organic-inorganic compound N fertilizer applications compared to the chemical fertilizer N treatments. The organic- inorganic N fertilizer applications increase urea-N use efficiency, and in the case of the same amount of urea N applied, the organic-inorganic compound N fertilizer applications increase N apparent recovery efficiencies by 11.6 -33.5 percent compared to the urea treatments.

关 键 词：有机无机复混肥 氮肥利用率 新型肥料 作物产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]