赣江流域底泥中有机氯农药残留特征及空间分布  

Residues and spatial distribution of OCPs in the sediments of Gan River Basin

作　　者：刘小真[1,2] 赵慈[1,2] 梁越[2] 周立峰[2] 赵信[2] 洪桂平[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南昌330029 [2]南昌航空大学环境与化学工程学院,南昌330063

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第9期2863-2871,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室开发基金资助项目(Z05002);江西省科技厅资助项目(2009AE00600,2009BNB06100)

摘　　要：基于"临水垂直插管法"采集赣江流域32个采样点的底泥样品,经索氏提取方法(Soxhlet Extraction,SE)前处理及气相色谱法(GC-ECD)检测样品中有机氯农药(OCPs)含量。结合多元统计学和ArcGIS9.3,研究了8种有机氯农药的残留状况及空间分布情况。结果表明,所检测8种OCPs中,除β-HCH有2个点未检出,其它7种OCPs检出率为100%。以DDTs残留含量最高,DDTs平均值为10.40μg/kg,其异构体以p,p'-DDT为主;HCHs的平均值为8.24μg/kg,其异构体以β-HCH为主。它们除了来自环境中的早期残留外,仍然具有新的外源HCHs和DDTs的输入。不同OCPs在研究区分布存在很大差异,HCHs总量分布较高的地区位于流域的中下游,DDTs总量分布较高的地区位于流域的中上游。Gan River basin area accounts for half the total area of Jiangxi province. As the biggest river, Gan River is the main source of drinking water for the residents in Jiangxi Province. A mass of Organochlorine pesticides （ OCPs）, which are persistent, toxicity, and easy to accumulated in biological bodys, were applied in the Gan River basin in the past. These OCPs were so persistent and can stay in the environment for a long time. The OCPs have entered into Gan River, caused a serious threat to health of environment and humans. Therefore it is neccessary to investigate residues of OCPs in the sediments of Gan River. Sediment samples were collected from 32 sampling sites from Gan River Basin. The samples were pretreated by Soxhlet Extraction and determined by Gas Chromatography （GC） with electron capture detector （ECD）. The spatial distribution of concentrations for 80CPs were analyzed based on multivariate statistics and ArcGIS 9.3. By means of ordinary Kriging interpolation, spatial distribution of OCPs residual quantity was studied. The results indicated that detection rate was 100% in 70CPs except β-HCH. The concentrations of DDTs were 7. 15--13.29μg/kg, the average value of which was 10.40μg/kg among them presenting mainly as p, p＇-DDT isomer. The concentrations of HCHs were 1.63--20.88μg/kg （average value, 8.24μg/kg ） presenting mainly as β-HCH isomer. Sources of HCHs and DDTs contamination were from the early stage residues in the environment, along with the recent input of HCHs and DDTs components. Based on their component residues concentrations, the sequence was p,p＇-DDT〉β-HCH〉 o, p＇-DDT〉γ-HCH 〉 α-HCH 〉 p, p＇-DDD 〉 p, p＇-DDE 〉 δ-HCH. Sources of HCHs and DDTs contamination were from theearly stage residues in the environment, along with the recent input of HCHs and DDTs components. And there was a great difference in spatial distribution of OCPs residues, the HCHs distribution district of higher concentration was located in the middle and lower reaches of G

关 键 词：赣江流域 底泥 有机氯农药 残留特征 空间分布 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]