木鳖子提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性  

Evaluation acaricidal activities of Momordica cochinchinensis extracts against Tetranychus cinnabarinus

作　　者：郭辉力[1] 师光禄[1,2] 贾良曦[2] 王东峰[2] 王有年[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部都市农业(北方)重点开放实验室,北京102206 [2]北京农学院生物技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第9期2883-2889,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31101509);北京市自然科学基金重点项目(5111001);北京市自然科学基金项目(6092007);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(6122005);北京市教委重点项目(KZ201010020016);北京市教委平台建设项目(PXM2010_014207_098661);北京市教委科技成果转化与产业化(PXM2011_014207_000026);北京市科委科研计划项目(Z111100066111009)

摘　　要：测定了木鳖子提取物对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性。用甲醇、氯仿、石油醚3种不同极性的溶剂提取,石油醚提取率最高为30.79%,且对朱砂叶螨成螨和卵的触杀活性均高于其他两种溶剂的提取物,24 h校正死亡率分别为77.52%和72.04%。用甲醇对石油醚提取物萃取,发现甲醇萃取物活性明显高于石油醚部分,对成螨和卵处理24 h后的校正死亡率分别为89.60%和74.65%,产卵抑制率为62.74%,驱避率为58.23%。柱层析对甲醇萃取物进行分离得到10种组分,组分5活性最高,浓度为2 mg/mL时,24 h校正死亡率为86.15%。用薄层层析和气相色谱质谱联用仪分别检测组分5纯度和主成分,初步确定活性成分为α-菠菜甾醇。Acaricidal activities of Momordica cochinchinensis extracts against Tetranychus cinnabarinus were tested in laboratory using slide-dip method. M. cochinchinensis was extracted using methanol, chloroform and petroleum ether respectively. Liquid-liquid partition technique was used to separate the chemical compounds. The acaricidal components were separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Finally, the principal active component was tested by GC-MS. Cultures of T. cinnabarinus were maintained in the laboratory for three years without exposure to any acaricide. Compared with methanol and chloroform extracts, petroleum ether extracts of M. cochinchinensis showed thehighest extraction rate of 30.79%, which is significantly higher than the other solvents extraction rate, and the methanol extraction rate was only 4.58%. The bioassay result showed that the substance extracted using petroleum ether was effective than the others, the corrected mortalities of T. cinnabarinus adult mites was 77. 52% after 24 h treatment at the concentration of 2 mg/mL. The Duncan＇s test showed that the contact toxicity of the crude extracts from different solvents was significantly different from each other （P〈0.05）. Petroleum ether extract of T. cinnabarinus was found to have high ovicidal activity to T. cinnabarinus and the corrected mortalities of eggs was 72.04%. While very low ovicidal activity was observed with Methanol and chloroform extracts, the corrected mortalities of eggs were 9.85% and 45.56% respectively. The results of liquid-liquid partition showed that acaricidal activity of mettlanol purification was significantly higher than thepart of petroleum ether, the corrected mortalities of adult mites and eggs were 89.60% and 74.65% after 24 h treatment at the concentration of 2 mg/mL, while the part of petroleum ether showed the lower contact toxicity, the corrected mortalities of adult mites and eggs were 70.15% and 25.70%. The oviposition inhibition rate of methanol purification was 62.74% and the r

关 键 词：木鳖子 朱砂叶螨 生物活性 

分 类 号：S482.52[农业科学—农药学]