血清学与DNA方法用于人类白细胞抗原-Ⅰ类分型的比较研究  

Comparison of HLA class-Ⅰ typing by serology with DNA typing

作　　者：谭建明[1] 唐孝达[2] 谢桐[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区福州总医院肾移植中心,福州350025 [2]上海市第一人民医院肾移植中心

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2000年第3期187-189,共3页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目;国家卫生部科研基金资助项目!( 962 2 89)

摘　　要：目的　双盲比较血清学和聚合酶链反应 单链构象多态性分析 (PCR SSP)方法用于汉族人群人类白细胞抗原 1(HLA Ⅰ )类分型的结果。方法　临床样本 5 2 5份 ,采用微量淋巴细胞毒技术血清学方法和PCR SSP技术DNA方法行HLA A、B抗原分型 ,比较其准确性、重复性和临床实用性。结果　血清学方法快速、简捷 ,耗时 3h ,A抗原分型误差率 9 0 % ,包括 2 1个抗原分型错误、2 6个空白经DNA分型证实存在第 2个抗原 ;B抗原分型误差 12 .2 % ,包括 39个抗原分型错误、2 5个空白实际存在另一个抗原特异性。DNA方法精确、可靠 ,重复性好 ,耗时 5h ,但操作较复杂 ,技术条件高 ,临床大样本量的检测尚有一定难度。结论　Ⅰ类抗原DNA分型方法明显优于血清学方法 ,适合于汉族人群临床应用。推荐采用血清学作为筛选性试验 ,可疑和空白样本采用DNA方法确认。Objective To compare HLA class Ⅰ typing by serology with PCR SSP method in the Chinese population. Methods HLA A and B antigens were typed by serology with microlymphocytotoxicity and DNA typing with PCR SSP in 525 clinical samples. Reliability, reproducibility and clinical practicability of both methods were compared according to the typing results. Results Serological typing for HLA class Ⅰ was rapid and simple, costing 3 hours. The discrepancy rate between serology and PCR SSP for HLA A antigen was 9.0%, consisting of 21 antigens being incorrectly interpreted by serology and 26 of serological “blanks” turning out to be definable alleles by DNA typing. The discrepancy rate for HLA B antigen was 12.2%, containing 39 antigens being incorrectly interpreted and 35 of serological “blanks” turning out to be definable alleles by PCR SSP typing. DNA typing for HLA class Ⅰ by PCR SSP proved to be an accurate, reliable and well reproducible technique within 5 hours. While it was difficult to suit clinical assay by a large scale screening because of complicated operation and high technical condition. Conclusion DNA typing for HLA class Ⅰ by PCR SSP is suitable for clinical application in the Chinese population with a higher precision than serology. Screening test by serology is recommended. Ambiguous or blank antigens by serology should be retyped by DNA typing.

关 键 词：HLA-A抗原 HLA-B抗原 DNA 白细胞抗原 分型 

分 类 号：R392.4[医药卫生—免疫学]