水-岩相互作用研究的机遇与挑战  

Opportunities and Challenges of Water-Rock Interaction Studies

作　　者：沈照理[1] 王焰新[2,3] 郭华明[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学环境学院,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2012年第2期207-219,共13页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.41172224;40872160;41120124003;40830748);教育部新世纪优秀人才项目(No.NCET-07-0770)

摘　　要：简要回顾水-岩相互作用研究的历史,它基本经历了一个从水-岩相互作用,到水-岩-有机物相互作用,最后到水-岩-气-有机物-微生物相互作用研究的发展历程.近年来,除基础地质及与矿产资源有关的课题继续深入外,地下水环境演化与全球变化、含水系统中微量变价元素的迁移、转化与富集、地下水环境污染治理与修复、废物地质处置与CO2封存等,已经成为水-岩相互作用领域的研究热点.随着物理、化学、生物等领域中各种新理论和新方法的不断应用,水-岩相互作用研究面临着新的机遇和挑战,主要包括:地下水系统中生物地球化学过程研究、水-岩相互作用中微观机理与宏观地球化学过程的耦合,以及水-岩相互作用中的同位素分馏及应用等.The history of water-rock interaction studies is briefly reviewed and presented in this paper,which basically falls into three stages,namely,studies focused on water-rock interaction,water-rock-organic interaction,and finally water-rock-gas-organic-microorganism interaction.Although studies on basic geology and mineral resources have accomplished great achievements,environmental issues become increasingly important for water-rock interaction studies.Hot topics in this field mainly include groundwater evolution and global change,transport and enrichment of trace redox-sensitive elements in aquifer systems,treatment and remediation of contaminated groundwater environment,waste geologic disposal and CO2 sequestration.Due to continuous applications of new theories and technologies in physics,chemistry and biology,water-rock interaction studies are facing new opportunities and challenges,which mainly include biogeochemical studies of aquifer systems,coupling of microscale mechanisms of water-rock interaction with macroscale geochemical processes,and fractionation of isotopes as well as their applications in water-rock interactions.

关 键 词：地下水 地质流体 水文地质 环境 水文地球化学 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]