阴离子交换膜无电压下分离水中磷酸盐的研究  

Study on the Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solution Using Anion-exchange Membrane without Supplying Electrical Potential

作　　者：陈世洋[1] 施周[1] 谢德华[1] 胡远来[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学土木工程学院,建筑安全与节能教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第5期13-17,共5页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50778065);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2009ZX07423-004)

摘　　要：基于Donnan分离原理,采用阴离子交换膜无电压下分离去除水中磷酸盐.结果表明:当原水磷酸盐初始质量浓度为2.0mg/L(0.064 5mmol/L),受体液NaCl浓度为0.1mol/L,给体液流量为5.0mL/min时,磷酸盐的去除率为70.0%.降低给体液初始pH值至3.0,给体液磷酸盐出水浓度远高于给体液初始pH值为5.0～9.0的浓度,去除率仅为43.5%.在所试共存离子(Cl-,HCO3-和SO24-)浓度范围内,其对磷酸盐的分离去除效果影响不大.采用Na2SO4作为受体液时,磷酸盐的去除效果大大降低.降低受体液NaCl浓度,对磷酸盐的分离去除效果影响不大,但受体液中磷酸盐的浓度明显降低.给体液流量由2.5mL/min增加至10.0mL/min,磷酸盐的去除率由84.3%下降至61.1%.The removal of phosphate from aqueous solution using the anion-exchange membrane was in- vestigated without supplying electrical potential based on Donnan dialysis principle. The results showed that the removal efficiency of phosphate achieved 70.0 % under the conditions of influent phosphate of 2.0 mg/L（0.064 5 mmol/L）, the NaC1 concentration of 0.1 mol/L in the receiver solution, the flow rate of the feed solution of 5.0 mL/min. Decreasing the initial pH of the feed solution to 3.0, the phosphate con- centration outlet in the feed solution was much higher than that with the initial pH of 5.0-9.0,and the re- moval efficiency of phosphate was only 43.5 %. In the tested concentration range, the accompanying ani- ons （C1ˉ ,HCOTand SO42ˉ） had little effect on the removal of phosphate. Using Na2SO42ˉ solution as the re- ceiver phase, the removal of phosphate greatly reduced. Decreasing the NaC1 concentration in the receiver solution had little influence on the transport of phosphate, but the concentration of phosphate in the re- ceiver solution decreased significantly. Increasing the flow rate of the feed solution from 2.5 mL/min to 10.0 mL/min , the removal efficiency of phosphate decreased obviously from 84.3 % to 61.1%.

关 键 词：阴离子交换膜 补偿离子 唐南(Donnan)分离 磷酸盐 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程]