连续回交对消除农杆菌介导转化引起水稻体细胞变异的影响  

Effect of Successive Backcrossing on Eliminating Somaclonal Variation Caused by Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation in Rice

作　　者：杨宙[1,2] 陈浩[1] 唐微[3] 林拥军[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,国家植物基因研究中心,湖北武汉430070 [2]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所,江西南昌330200 [3]湖北医药学院生物化学系,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《作物学报》2012年第5期814-819,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2008ZX08001-001)资助

摘　　要：农杆菌介导的转化引起许多体细胞变异,影响了转基因植物的农艺性状。因此,转基因作物的培育需要大量的T0代再生植株。在本研究中,我们将转基因水稻株系与原始品种连续回交,然后评价其回交后代的表现,消除体细胞变异,恢复转基因亲本的农艺性状。回交的供体亲本是3个转基因水稻株系,分别带有来自于苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bt)的抗虫基因。与原始品种连续回交至BC3F1代,每代BCnF1单株再自交两代,同时对各个世代进行抗虫性选择。通过发芽试验获得转基因纯合的BCnF3株系,在室内抗性试验中,所有的BCnF3纯合株系都能杀死100%的幼虫。在田间试验中,这些株系的单株产量明显高于供体亲本,大部分农艺性状与原品种没有显著的差异。这些结果说明连续回交能够在很大程度上恢复转基因水稻株系的农艺性状,从而减少转基因育种过程中所需的工作量。Somaclonal variation caused by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation influences some agronomic traits of transgenic plants.As a result,a large number of T0 regenerated plants are required in the development of transgenic crop.Here,we successively backcrossed transgenic rice（Oryza sativa L.）to progenitor variety and evaluated agronomic performance of progeny,with the objective of eliminating somaclonal variation and recovering agronomic traits of transgenic parent.Three transgenic lines possessing different insect-resistance genes from Bacillus thuringiensis（Bt）were used as donor parents.They were backcrossed successively to the progenitor variety,and the individuals of each BCnF1 generation were then selfed twice,with selection for insect-resistance.BCnF3 homozygous lines,which were selected by a germination assay,caused an insect mortality of 100% in laboratory bioassay.In the field evaluation,these lines showed obviously higher yield than the donor parents and no significant differences from the progenitor variety in most agronomic traits.These results indicate that successive backcrossing can to a large extent recover agronomic traits of transgenic rice and reduce the workload required in transgenic breeding program.

关 键 词：连续回交 体细胞变异 农杆菌介导转化 转基因水稻 抗虫性 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]