化学镀镍碳纳米管的制备及其电磁学和吸波性能研究  

Study on the preparation,electromagnetic and microwave absorbing properties of chemical nickel-plating carbon nanotubes

作　　者：张楠[1] 陈海路[1] 胡书春[1] 仇迎[1] 金佥[1] 王秋桐[1] 田馨[1] 王伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院材料先进技术教育部重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2012年第5期81-83,89,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(SWJTU09CX051);西南交通大学基础科研基金资助项目(2008B18);“国家大学生创新性实验计划”项目(101061301)

摘　　要：首先对碳纳米管(CNTs)进行纯化、敏化、活化预处理,然后利用化学镀方法在其表面沉积金属镍而制备出镀镍碳纳米管(M-CNTs)。SEM、TEM、EDS、XRD和DSC等综合表征结果表明,通过化学镀工艺,在CNTs表面均匀连续的镀覆了一层厚度约为20nm的非晶态镍镀层,且碳纳米管的分散性得到了改善,更有利于用于复合材料领域。原料碳纳米管和镀镍碳纳米管的电磁学性能的对比研究结果表明,M-CNTs的电导率较CNTs有所降低,这也间接反映了镍镀层在CNTs表面的形成;在4～18GHz内,M-CNTs的ε′、ε″、μ和μ″4个电磁参数均较CNTs均有所增加。在此基础上,进一步以M-CNTs为吸波剂,聚氨酯(PU)为粘结剂,制备了PU/M-CNTs吸波涂料,对其吸波性能的研究结果表明,PU/M-CNTs吸波涂料的吸波效果明显受涂层厚度影响,在1.0～2.0mm的范围内,随着涂层厚度的逐渐增大,其吸收峰逐渐向低频移动,且低频段的吸波效果得以加强,高频段的吸波效果有所减弱。After Purification, sensitization and activation treatment, carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were used to prepare nickel plated carbon nanotubes （M-CNTs）through an chemical plating process. The obtained M-CNTs were characterized by SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD and DSC, and the results showed that a continuous and uniform amorphous nickel-plating layer with a thickness of about 20nm was deposited on the surface of CNTs, and the dispersion of carbon tubes in the product had been some improved,which made M-CNTs more conducive in the application area of composite materials. The comparative study on the electromagnetic properties of CNTs and M-CNTs showed that the conductivity of M-CNTs was lower than that of CNTs,and the result also reflected that the nickel plating layer was uniformly formed in the surface of CNTs. M- CNTs appeared higher ε′、ε″、μand μ″ than those of CNTs in the band of 4-18GHz. Furthermore, PU/M-CNTs absorbing coating was prepared with polyurethane （PU） as matrix and M-CNTs as absorbing agent, and the microwave absorbing property of the obtained coating was measured and studied. As shown in the corresponding results, the absorbing effect of PU/M-CNTs coating was obviously influenced by its thickness. The absorption peak gradually moved toward the low fre- quency direction with the coating thickness ＇s increase in the range of 1.0-2.0mm, and the absorbing effect in low frequen- cy band was enhanced while that effect in high frequency band was reduced.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 化学镀镍 电导率 电磁参数 吸波性能 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]