野生和养殖三疣梭子蟹消化酶及SOD酶活性的比较分析  

Comparative studies on digestive enzymes and SOD enzyme between wild and cultured Portunus trituberculatus

作　　者：江水恒[1] 徐善良[1,2] 邵波[1] 华玉明[1] 魏小荣[1] 张科胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院 [2]宁波大学应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2012年第2期163-167,共5页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：宁波市农村科技创新创业资金(201001C8006007);浙江省科技厅公益性项目(2010C32021)

摘　　要：为揭示三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)不同生长阶段的消化酶和超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性的变化规律,及其与生长环境之间的关系,以野生和养殖三疣梭子蟹的幼蟹、雌性成蟹及抱卵雌蟹为研究对象,分别测定比较了其肝胰腺中的胃蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶及肌肉中的SOD活性,结果表明:(1)野生和养殖幼蟹的淀粉酶活性分别为(1.57±0.09)U.mg-1和(2.61±0.01)U.mg-1,显著高于成蟹和抱卵蟹(P<0.05);野生和养殖成蟹的胃蛋白酶活性分别为(5.83±0.45)U.mg-1和(2.77±0.10)U.mg-1,显著高于幼蟹和抱卵蟹(P<0.05),是幼蟹和抱卵蟹的2～3倍;脂肪酶活性以养殖抱卵蟹最高,野生成蟹次之;消化酶活性变化与蟹的生长阶段及食性转变相关。(2)幼蟹、成蟹和抱卵蟹的SOD酶均表现为野生蟹显著高于养殖蟹(P<0.05);野生成蟹的脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶活性亦显著高于养殖成蟹,是养殖成蟹的2.5倍以上。因此,养殖蟹的机体健康水平、免疫保护和抗应激能力不及野生蟹,尤以幼蟹阶段SOD酶活性最低,抗逆境力最差。In order to reveal the variation of enzyme activity and its relationship with growth environment,the activity of pepsase enzyme,lipase enzyme and amylase enzyme from hepatopancreas and superoxide dismutase（SOD） from muscle of three-stage crabs（larval,female adult and spawning crabs） sampled from wild and cultured Portunus trituberculatus was studied.The results showed as follows：（1） the activity of amylase was respectively（1.57 ± 0.09） U·mg-1 and（2.61 ± 0.01） U·mg-1 in wild and cultured larval crabs,significantly higher than that of adult and spawning crabs（P〈0.05）;the activity of pepsase was respectively（5.83 ± 0.45） U·mg-1 and（2.77 ± 0.10） U·mg-1 in the wild and cultured adult crabs,significantly higher than that of the larval and spawning crabs（P〈0.05）,which was 2-3 times as high as that of larval and spawning crabs;the activity of lipase was the highest in the spawning period of cultured crabs,followed by the wild crabs;the activity of digestive enzymes changed with the growth stage and feeding switching;（2） the activity of SOD enzyme was significantly higher than that of the cultured crabs in the three stages of wild crabs（P〈0.05）;lipase and pepsase activity of wild crabs was also significantly higher than that of the cultured crabs,which was 2.5 times as high as that of the cultured crabs.Therefore,the body health,immune protection and anti-stress of the cultured crabs were weaker than that of the wild,especially the larval crabs had the lowest SOD activity and the worst anti-stress ability.

关 键 词：三疣梭子蟹 野生 养殖 消化酶 超氧化物歧化酶 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学]