R型垫在压疮高危患者30°斜侧体位更换中的应用  

Application of the R type cushion on 30° obliquely lateral position for the high risk of pressure ulcer patients

作　　者：王学红[1] 吴情[1] 袁静秋[1] 王雪山[1] 朱华青[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省宿迁市人民医院护理部,223800

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2012年第13期1512-1514,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的观察R型垫用于压疮高危患者30°斜侧体位更换中的临床效果。方法将患者随机分为观察组（33例）和对照组（34例），观察组使用R型垫；对照组使用软枕，比较两组间在患者30°斜侧体位保持和压疮预防效果中的差异。结果干预后观察组患者Braden评分（11．81±1．51）分；对照组（9．21±1．55）分，差异有统计学意义（t=5．28，P〈0．01）。观察组体位移动1例、器具变型1例、压疮发生2例；对照组体位移动21例、器具变型29例、压疮发生6例，差异有统计学意义（x。值分为26．195，45．831，6．211；P〈0．05）。护士每天矫正垫子位置次数：观察组（5．58±1．79），对照组（24．09±4．56），差异有统计学意义（t=21．99，P〈0．05）；满意度观察组为99％，对照组81％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论使用压疮预防专用减压器具之R型垫，替代以往的软枕用于300斜侧体位的更换，可提高专科护理工作质量，增加患者的舒适度，为患者背臀部压疮的预防及护理提供实用的指导和帮助，同时可改善患者的生活质量及预后，减少社会资源的消耗。Objective To observe the clinical effects of the R type cushion on the pressure ulcer prevention for the high risk patients. Methods Totals of 67 cases were randomly divided into the observation group（ n = 33） and control group（ n = 34）, observation group were adopted the R type cushions, while control group were used the soft cushions. To compare the difference in maintaining the 30°lateral body position and the pressure ulcer prevention between two groups. Results The average score of Braden of observation group （ 11.81 ± 1.51 ） was significantly higher than that of control group （9.21 ± 1.55） （t =5.28 ,P 〈0. 01 ）. There was one cases removed, one case appliance deformation, two cases had pressure ulcer in observation group, and that in control group was 21cases,26 cases,29cases respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 = 26.195,45.831,6.211, respectively; P 〈 0.05 ）. The average times of cushion adjustment of observation group （ 5.58 ± 1.79） was significantly lower than that of control group （24.09 ± 4.56） （ t = 21.99, P 〈 0.05 ）, and the satisfaction of observation group was 99%, significantly higher than 81% of control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions The R type cushion application can improves special nursing quality, reduces the nursing quantity, enhances the patient satisfaction, provides practical instructions and helps in preventing the dorsal hip pressure ulcer of patients, replaces the formerly soft cushion in maintaining the 30°lateral body position. It can improves the life quality and the prognosis of patients, reduces the consumption of social resources.

关 键 词：压力性溃疡 高危患者 斜侧体位 R型垫 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]