淮河流域水沙变化趋势及其成因分析  

Variation trend and cause of runoff and sediment load variations in Huaihe River

作　　者：史红玲 胡春宏 王延贵 田庆奇[2] 

机构地区：[1]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100048 [2]水利部国际合作与科技司,北京100053

出　　处：《水利学报》2012年第5期571-579,共9页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金项目(50725930);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(50721006);水利部公益性行业专项(200901021);水科院专项(沙集1230)

摘　　要：根据淮河流域来水来沙特点,选定反映淮河流域水沙变化趋势的代表水文站,利用50余年来的实测年径流量及年输沙量资料,研究了淮河流域水沙量的时空分布特性;采用Mann-Kendal秩相关检验法,分析了淮河流域水沙量年际变化趋势和可能发生突变的年份。研究结果表明整体上淮河流域来水量无明显的减小趋势,其中淮河干流年径流量无明显的变化趋势,支流及沂、沭、泗水系各站年径流量减小趋势明显;而淮河流域来沙量则呈现显著减少的趋势,发生突变的年份为1973—1975年。从流域降雨量、用水变化、水库拦沙、水土流失及其治理状况等方面分析了引起淮河流域水沙变化的主要成因,提出了淮河流域上游山区河流水库建设是流域来沙量减少的主要原因。Based on the observed data obtained at some hydrologic stations in the past 50 years. The varia- tion trends of runoff and sediment load in the upper reaches of the Huaihe River were analyze. The non-pa- rameter statistical methods of Mann-Kendal test and moving average test were adopted respectively to check up the trends variation of runoff and sediment load. The results indicate that there was no significant change in the time series of annual runoff, while the annual sediment load shows a significant decrease in the period of record. The causes of variations are precipitation and volume of water supply, sediment deten- tion in reservoirs and soil conservation, etc., among them, sediment trapped in reservoirs was the main cause resulted in sediment load decrease in the Huaihe River.

关 键 词：淮河流域 水沙年际变化 趋势检验 成因分析 

分 类 号：TV141[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]