农肥和化肥施用对大豆根瘤菌多样性的影响  

Effects of organic and chemical fertilizer applications on the diversity of soybean rhizobia

作　　者：刘朴方[1] 王宏燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第6期1468-1472,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BADB3B01);东北农业大学博士启动基金(2010RCB28);黑龙江省教育厅课题(193135)资助

摘　　要：基于6年的黑土培肥定位试验,从大豆根瘤中提取根瘤菌DNA,采用PCR-DGGE与克隆测序技术相结合的方法,分析了施用农肥和化肥对根瘤菌多样性的影响。DGGE图谱分析表明:对照(不施肥)处理的nifH基因条带数和多样性指数最大,各处理多样性指数差异显著,大小顺序为:对照>农肥高量>农肥低量=农化1:1>化肥高量>化肥低量。聚类分析显示,施用化肥的处理与其他处理相似性仅为66%,说明施用化肥的处理与其他处理相比大豆根瘤菌群落结构差异较大,显著改变了根瘤菌的群落结构。DGGE测序结果显示,大部分根瘤菌属于慢生根瘤菌属。农肥和化肥的施用均降低了大豆根瘤菌多样性,其中化肥处理更明显地降低了根瘤菌多样性。The rhizobial DNA was extracted from the root nodules of soybean plants at a 6-year experiment site on black soil, and PCR-DGGE and clone sequencing were adopted to analyze the effects of different fertilization treatments on the diversity of soybean rhizobia. In the treatment no fertilization, the band number of n/fH gene and the diversity indices were the highest, and there existed significant differences in the diversity indices among different treatments, with the order of no fertilization 〉 high application rate of organic manure 〉 low application rate of organic manure, 1/2 organic manure plus 1/2 chemical fertilizer 〉 high application rate of chemical fer- tilizer 〉 low application rate of chemical fertilizer. Cluster analysis demonstrated that the finger- prints in treatments of chemical fertilization only had a similarity of 66% with those in other treat- ments, suggesting that chemical fertilization could significantly alter the community structure of soybean rhizobia. The PCR-DGGE and clone sequencing showed that most of the rhizobia were belonged to Bradyrhizobium. The application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, especially the latter, could decrease the diversity of soybean rhizobia.

关 键 词：农肥 化肥 大豆根瘤菌 NIFH PCR-DGGE 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S154.3