中性还是偏向性技术变迁影响出口?——基于细分行业贸易数据的经验分析  

Neutral or Biased Technical Change Affects Export?——Based on Micro-industry Trade Data Analysis

作　　者：项松林[1] 赵曙东[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院经济学院

出　　处：《财贸经济》2012年第6期73-81,共9页Finance & Trade Economics

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金重点项目"‘十二五’时期苏南率先基本实现现代化重点与难点研究"(编号:10JD001)的资助

摘　　要：运用Tobit模型对中国SITC-3位码行业出口数据进行实证分析,本文发现,生产率越高的行业出口能力越强,技术变迁带来的效率改进是出口增长的重要原因。但与中性技术变迁相比,偏向性技术变迁更适合解释中国不同行业的相对出口存在差异的问题。劳动和资本密集型行业发生的偏向资本技术变迁,是中国劳动密集型产品出口比重不断减小,而资本密集型产品出口比重不断增加的重要原因。偏向资本的技术变迁,以及由此引起的要素相对生产率改变,与要素相对禀赋一起,预示着我国动态比较优势的逐渐形成。Using tobit model, the authors find that the industries with higher productivity have more exports capacigy. It shows that improved efficiency caused by technical change is an important reason of export growth. Compared with neutral technical change, biased technical change affecting exports always exists in labor abundant industries and capital abundant industries. The authors also find that biased technical change causes differences in relative export of labor abundant industry and capital abundant industry, which also can explain the reason why relative export of labor abundant industry decreased while that of capital abundant industry increases. Biased technical change and relative factor endowment indicate that China is emerging in dynamic comparative advantage.

关 键 词：中性技术 偏向性技术 出口 比较优势 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易] F224[经济管理—产业经济]