微生物与植物在河道模型中的黑臭水治理效果  

Effect of Microoganism and Plant on Cleaning a Simulated Malodorous River

作　　者：王琨[1,2] 王慧玲[3] 孙小磊[1,2] 梁佳茹[2] 赵以军[2] 许敏[2] 程凯[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省水利水电科学研究院,广东广州510610 [2]华中师范大学,湖北武汉430079 [3]华中科技大学国家防伪工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2012年第6期126-129,共4页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2009ZX07105-001);广州市政府采购科技项目(GPC-[2007]303);武汉市科技攻关计划项目(200760423164)

摘　　要：针对我国河道黑臭现象严重的现实问题,为了给黑臭河道的治理提供更为可靠的参考依据,试验在大型自然河道模型中,比较了2种微生物菌株(投加剂量为:光合细菌P9,8.0×105个/mL;根际杆菌No.2,2.0×104个/mL)和3种水生植物(投加剂量为美人蕉30棵,水葫芦40棵及浮萍2 m2)对30 t流动的模拟黑臭水的处理效果。结果表明,单独使用微生物和联合使用微生物及水生植物均能取得相似的结果,至第8天时,COD、黑度、臭度的去除率均超过55%,BOD的去除率超过40%,氨氮的去除率超过30%,溶解氧提高至超过3.5 mg/L。上述结果说明,相对于水生植物而言,微生物处理黑臭水效果更为明显:微生物菌株能够通过加速黑臭水中有机物的降解,从而提高溶解氧浓度,并大幅度改善水体黑臭状态。With a purpose to find a way for cleaning malodorous rivers which pose serious environmental problems in China, experiments were conducted including using a river model to simulate the malodorous river by use of microorganism and plant. The experiment involved two purifying microorganisms including Photosynthetic bacterium P9 and Rhizosphere bacillus 2 and three species of aquatic plants such as canna, eichhornia and lemna, which had been planted in the river model of flowing dirty water of 30 cubic meters. Removals of COD, BOD and ammonium nitrogen from the malodorous water by the river model were 55%, 40% and 30% respectively, along with an increase of DO up to 3.Smg/L in the water, during eight- day period. It seemed that the microorganism was more effective than the aquatic plants in accelerating degradation of organic pollutants, increasing DO concentration in the water and improving water quality.

关 键 词：黑臭水 河道模型 微生物 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]