意识形态国家机器及其功能的实现方式——阿尔都塞意识形态实践图式的文本分析  

Ideological State Apparatuses and the Fulfilling Way of Its Functions: the Textual Analysis of the Practice Scheme of Althusser’s Ideology

作　　者：戈士国[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2012年第3期1-8,共8页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"意识形态概念变迁及其实践意蕴研究"(08CZX002)

摘　　要：借助马克思主义经典作家的国家理论,阿尔都塞制定了"意识形态国家机器"概念,从而拓展与细化了马克思关于上层建筑对经济基础作用方式的理论认知。通过对葛兰西文化领导权理论资源的接纳,阿尔都塞全面揭示了意识形态国家机器运作机制的辩证法。通过凸显资本主义条件下劳动力和生产关系"再生产"的经济学场景,阿尔都塞确立了意识形态国家机器运作的出场路径。通过引介弗洛伊德和拉康的精神分析范式,阿尔都塞细腻阐释了意识形态国家机器主体建构的微观机制。基于上述异质视域的有机接合,阿尔都塞建构了极具特色的意识形态实践图式和运作场景。Louis Althusser puts forward the concept of ＂Ideological State Apparatuses＂ by drawing upon the state theories of classic Marxist writers, which in turn widens and specifies the theoretical cognition of Marxist theory of the way superstructure acts upon the economic base. Through the acceptance of Gramsci＇s cultural leadership theo- ry, Althusser discloses completely the dialectics of the functioning system of the ISAs. Althusser also establishes the presenting path of how ISAs functions by means of highlighting the economic scene of ＂reproducing＂ the work- force and production relations under the capitalist condition. Meanwhile, he explains in great detail the microscopic organism of the ISAs＇ subject construction through an introduction to the psychoanalytical patterns of Freud and Lacan. Based on the combination of the above mentioned different visions, Ahhusser constructs a distinctive ideo- logical practice scheme and its functioning prospect.

关 键 词：阿尔都塞 意识形态国家机器 实践图式 再生产 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]