磷钾对套作大豆干物质积累与分配及产量的影响  

Effects of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on dry matter accumulation,distribution and yield of relay strip intercropping soybean

作　　者：雷婷[1] 向达兵[1] 郭凯[1] 杨文钰[1] 刘增禹[1] 陈小容[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2012年第3期318-328,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"资助项目(2011CB100400);国家大豆产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-04-PS19);农业部公益性行业科研专项资金资助项目(201103001)

摘　　要：在"玉/豆"套作模式下,采用随机区组设计,研究磷、钾营养对套作大豆干物质积累、分配及产量的影响。结果表明:完熟期套作大豆干物质积累总量及根、茎、叶、荚各器官干物质积累量均随施钾量增加而增加,随施磷量增加呈先升高后降低的趋势,且都以P2K3(P2O517kg·hm-2,K2O 112.5kg·hm-2)处理最高;茎秆、叶片干物质积累量随生育时期均呈单峰曲线变化,各时期干物质积累量随施钾、施磷量增加的变化与干物质积累总量表现一致(苗期除外);完熟期干物质向荚果的分配比例随施钾量增加而增加,随施磷量增加呈先增加后减少的趋势,而向茎秆和叶片则表现为相反的趋势;增施磷、钾肥能够提高营养器官干物质向荚果的转移量、转移率及其对荚果的贡献率和产量,以P2K3产量最高,为2 832.04kg·hm-2,显著高于其他处理。The effects of phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） fertilizers on dry matter accumulation, distribution and yield of soybean were studied by randomized block design in relay strip intercropping system of maize-soybean. The results showed that dry matter accumulations of whole plant and each organ （root, stem, leaf and legume） at the full mature stage all increased with increasing K application amount, while increased at first and then decreased with the increase of P application amount, and the dry matter accumulations of whole plant and each organ all reached the highest under the Pz Ka （PzOs 17 kg. hm z, Kz O 112.5 kg. hm 2） treatment. The changes of dry matter accumulations of stems and leaves in the whole period showed a single peak curve, and the changes of dry matter accumulation in whole period with the increase of K and P application amount were all similar to that of dry matter accumulation of whole plant （except seedling stage）. The distribution proportion of the dry matter from plant to legumes increased with the increase of K application amount, while the distribution rate increased at first and then reduced with the increase of P application amount. But the changes of the distribution rate of the dry matter from plant to stems and leaves with the increase of P and K application were all opposite to that of legume. Increasing the P and K applications could improve the dry matter translocation amount and translocation ratio from vegetative organs to legumes, the contribution of dry matter accumulation amount to legumes and yield. The P2K3 treatment had the highest yield with 2 832.04 kg-hm-2 , which was significantly higher than that of other treatments.

关 键 词：磷 钾 套作大豆 干物质积累与分配 产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S143