尿路感染的病原菌及其药敏分析  

Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Analysis of Urinary Tract Infection

作　　者：肖洁[1] 黄泳璋[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院第一附属医院肾内科,广州510120

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2012年第5期879-880,共2页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

摘　　要：目的:分析不同年龄组尿路感染的细菌病原学分布及耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2010年12月本院门、急诊和住院部送检的中段尿标本培养及药敏结果,并根据年龄不同分为小儿组(6个月～13岁),成人组(14岁～64岁)和老年组(65岁以上)。结果:中段尿培养阳性标本570例,其中革兰阴性杆菌感染占82.11%(468/570),革兰阳性球菌占17.89%(102/570)。成人组和老年组中大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌的比例与小儿组相似(P>0.05);而小儿组的铜绿假单胞菌的比例显著高于成人组和老年组(P<0.05)。对常见革兰阴性杆菌敏感性最高的抗生素是亚胺培南,其次为头孢哌酮+舒巴坦,而对氨苄西林的耐药率最高。常见革兰阳性球菌均对万古霉素100%敏感,其次为亚胺培南,对红霉素的耐药率较高。结论:不同年龄的尿路感染患者,其细菌病原学构成显示不同的特点,而且总体耐药现象严重,应该严格执行用药前进行病原学检测和药物敏感试验,以指导尿路感染的合理用药。Objective：To study the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogenic bacteria in patients with urinary tract infection.Methods：Urine specimens for bacterial culture were collected from the patients with urinary tract infection between Jan,2010 and Dec,2010.The subjects were divided into three groups according to different age ： children group（6 months to 13 years old）,adults group（14 to 64 years old）,and senior group（ or =65 years old）.Results：Gram negative bacterial accounted for 82.11%,Gram positive bacterial for 17.89%.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the common bacterial in adults and seniors and in children,while P.aeruginosa was more common in children.Imipenem showed the best activity against most gram negative bacterial,followed by Cefoperazone＋Sulbactam.The most susceptible antibiotic for Gram positive bacterial was vancomycin,followed by imipenem.Almost all gram negative bacterial showed resistant to ampicillin and most of gram positive bacterial were resistant to Erythrocin.Conclusion：Gram negative bacterial are the most common pathogenic organisms in urinary tract infection in this study.But the proportion of pathogenic agents is different among different age groups.The antibiotics resistance is severe.So,bacterial culture of urine should be examined before initiation antibiotics treatment for urinary tract infection.

关 键 词：尿路感染 病原学 细菌 药物敏感性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]