甲型H1N1流感大流行前后沈阳地区流感病原学流行特征  

Pathogenic characteristics of influenza in Shenyang area before and after influenza A(H1N1) pandemic

作　　者：符文华[1] 王冰[1] 白杉[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省沈阳市疾病预防控制中心,110031 [2]沈阳市预防医学研究所

出　　处：《职业与健康》2012年第10期1176-1179,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析甲型H1N1流行性感冒(流感)大流行前后沈阳流感病原学流行特征。方法采集2005年10月—2011年3月连续5.5 a哨点医院的流感样病例咽拭子,进行流感病毒的分离和分型鉴定,并按甲型H1N1流感流行前后划分为3个时期。结果 3个时期共采集流感样病例咽拭子样本6 808份,分离到流感病毒861株,总分离率为12.6%;流行前、流行中和流行后3个时期流感病毒检出率分别为13.8%、18.2%和5.2%。男性和女性流感病毒感染率差异无统计学意义,不同时期流感样病例的年龄构成差异有统计学意义。新的甲型H1N1流感侵袭的人群主要是低年龄组人群,新的甲型H1N1流行期间和流行后,流感季节高峰发生前移。不同年度流感流行毒株型别不同,前1年监测周期的优势株在下1个周期中可被其他型别抑制甚至取代。结论甲型H1N1流感流行后沈阳的流感流行特征已发生了部分改变,这种改变是否持续存在还有待持续监测来得以验证,在2011—2012年监测周期中应密切关注A3(H3N2)亚型和新的甲型H1N1亚型流感毒株的活动情况。[ Objective] To analyze the pathogenic characteristics of influenza in Shenyang before and after influenza A （ H1N1） pandemic. [ Methods] The throat swab specimens of influenza-like cases were collected from sentinel hospitals from October 2005 to March 2011, and influenza virus was isolated and identified. The study duration were divided into three periods according to influ- enza A （H1 N1 ） pandemic. [ Results] A total of 6 808 throat swab specimens of influenza-like cases were collected, and 861 stains of influenza virus were isolated with the total isolation rate of 12.6%. The detection rate of influenza vims before, during and after pandemic was 13.8%, 18.2% and 5.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the infection rate of influenza virus between males and females, and the difference in age structure of influenza-like cases among different periods was significant. The low age group was susceptible to new influenza A （ H1N1 ）. During and after new influenza A （H1N1 ） pandemic, the season peak moved forward. There were different subtypes of influenza virus in different years, and the dominant strain of this surveillance cycle would be restrained or replaced by other subtypes in next cycle. [ Conclusion] Some of epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shenyang have changed before and after influenza A （ H1N1 ） pandemic, and whether the changes are continuous needs to be verified by continuous surveillance. It is necessary to pay high attention to 43 （H3N2） and new influenza A （H1N1 ） subtypes during the surveillance cycle of 2011-2012.

关 键 词：甲型H1N1流感 大流行 病原学监测 分析 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]