陕西省户县肾综合征出血热疫苗大面积免疫的流行病学效果  

Epidemiological effect of a large-scale immunization campaign of HFRS vaccine in Hu County of Shanxi Province

作　　者：田霞[1] 冯宏毅 

机构地区：[1]陕西省户县疾病预防控制中心,710300 [2]陕西银河电力线路器材有限公司卫生所

出　　处：《职业与健康》2012年第10期1250-1252,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨肾综合征出血热(HFRS)高发地区大面积疫苗免疫后的流行特征及规律,为进一步做好防制工作提供科学依据。方法采用卡方检验分析法,对户县HFRS疫苗免疫后17年的发病资料进行对比分析。结果①HFRS疫苗免疫后对HFRS的预防安全可靠,接种后17年仍具有牢固的免疫效果。②高危人群接种后,其流行特征发生了变化,发病率大幅度下降,改变了原有的同期性流行规律及特征,发病呈散发状态,发病仍以20～60岁青壮年农民为主,男性多于女性,大量易感人群为未接种疫苗者。结论在HFRS得到初步控制的前提下,为最大限度地降低发病率,应加大疫苗免疫周期性强化工作,加强接种力度,监测HFRS病毒的变异情况,以达到对HFRS的控制。[ Objective ] To investigate the epidemic features and regularity of the Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） after an extensive vaccination in a district occurred frequently, and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control. [Methods] Chi-square test analysis was adopted to conduct comparison on incidence data for 17 years after HFRS vaccination. [ Results] （1） HFRS vaccination was safe and reliable for HFRS prevention, with firm immune effect after 17 years. （2） After immu- nization, the HFRS incidence declined substantially, its epidemic features of HFRS high-risk groups changed into sporadic state. Most cases were young farmers aged 20-60 years, male were more than female. Most of the susceptible population was unvaccinat- ed. [ Conclusion] On the premise of a preliminary control of HFRS, it＇s essential to strengthen the vaccination periodicity, to reinforce vaccination and the surveillance of the virus variability, so as to control HFRS.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 疫苗 免疫 效果 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]