儿科病区不发酵革兰阴性杆菌的分布与耐药分析  

作　　者：林伟青[1] 李伟中[1] 林佩贤[1] 辜红妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院第二附属医院儿科,515041

出　　处：《国际流行病学传染病学杂志》2012年第3期178-181,共4页International Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease

摘　　要：目的了解儿科病区不发酵革兰阴性杆菌的检出及其耐药情况，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对儿科病区2009年1月至2011年6月的临床样本中分离培养的不发酵革兰阴性杆菌的分布及耐药情况进行调查分析，依据《全国临床检验操作规程》的规定要求分离培养病原菌，采用VITEK-AMS微生物自动分析仪进行菌株鉴定。结果在此期间，所检样本中共检出革兰阴性菌720株，其中不发酵革兰阴性杆菌232株，占革兰阴性菌的32．22％。检出数量居前3位病原菌依次为：鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单孢菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌，构成比分别为37．93％（88株）、36．21％（84株）、12．07％（28株），不发酵革兰阴性杆菌主要来源于痰样本（63．00％，126份）、胃液（15．00％，30份）和血液（14．00％，28份），耐药率较高。结论通过病原体监测了解细菌分布及其耐药趋势，对合理选择抗菌药物，控制耐药菌株产生，有效治疗和预防不发酵革兰阴性杆菌引起的感染性疾病有重要意义。Objective To investigate the clinical distribution characteristics and drug resistances of non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus in pediatric ward,so as to direct rational antibacterial agents application.Methods A retrospective investigation was made for the clinical pathogens as well as the drug resistance in pediatric ward from January 2009 to June 2011.The bacteria were isolated according to National Clinical Laboratory Opiating Procedure.VITEKAMS automatic analyzer was applied for microbial strain identification.Results During the period,720 strains of gramnegative bacteria were isolated in all the detecting samples.Among them,there were 232 strains of non-fenmentative gram-negative bacillus,which accounted for 32.22％ of gram-negative bacteria.The top 3 pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenorophomonas maltophilia,accounted for 37.93％(88 strains),36.21％ (84 strains),12.07％(28 strains),respectively.Non-fermentative gram -negative bacillus were mainly separated from sputum(63.00％,126 samples),stomach fluid(15.00％,30 samples) and blood(14.00％,28 samples) and the rates of drug resistance were noteworthy.Conclusions It is important to inspect patbogens and study the trend of drug resistance for selecting antibiotics rationally,reduce infection incidence and treat infection effectively caused by non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus,and decrease the occurence of drug resistant strains in pediatric ward.

关 键 词：细菌 儿科 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]