25份羽衣甘蓝材料的亲缘关系与遗传多样性分析  

Analyses of genetic relationship and diversity of 25 accessions in kale

作　　者：祝朋芳[1] 张健[1] 房霞[1] 王兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第5期123-128,135,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学技术研究项目(2008664);国家自然科学基金项目(31101566)

摘　　要：【目的】探寻羽衣甘蓝材料间的亲缘关系和遗传多样性,为进一步利用国外羽衣甘蓝商业品种和自主选育新品种奠定基础。【方法】选取25份羽衣甘蓝材料,包括7个切花、17个地被和1个食用类型,分别测定24个营养性状和11个生殖性状,按照数值、二元和多态性状特征进行编码和赋值,应用UPGMA聚类法进行分析。【结果】根据营养性状的UPGMA聚类结果,当欧氏遗传距离为9.87时,25份材料被聚类为2大类群,叶型为圆叶、皱叶、裂叶的24份材料聚为一类,叶型为裂皱叶的1份材料单独聚为另一类群;当欧氏遗传距离为7.20时,25份材料被聚类为3大类群,叶型为圆叶的11份材料聚为第1类群,皱叶与裂叶的13份材料聚为第2类群,裂皱叶的1份材料单独为另一类群;当欧氏遗传距离为6.82时,25份材料依据叶型被聚类为4大类群,即圆叶类、皱叶类、裂叶类与裂皱叶类。根据生殖性状的UPGMA聚类结果,当欧氏遗传距离为4.35时,25份材料依据子房颜色被聚类为2大类群,即子房颜色为黄绿色的归为一类,紫红色的归为另一类。【结论】在24个营养性状中,叶型是决定亲缘关系远近的第1要素,其次是叶色。在4种基本叶型中,皱叶与裂叶的亲缘关系相对较近,裂皱叶与其他3种叶型的亲缘关系较远。在11个生殖性状中,子房颜色为决定亲缘关系远近的最主要因素。[Objective] The research was conducted to explore the genetic relationship and diversity in kale （Brassica oleracea var. acephala）, which would lay a foundation for selecting cultivars from abroad and breeding inland. [Method] Twenty five accessions of kale, including 7 cut-flowers, 17 ground-covers and 1 edible were analyzed by cluster analyses based on 24 nutritional traits and 11 reproductive traits. [Result] According to the UPGMA cluster results of nutritional traits,when Euclidean distance was 9.87 ,the 25 accessions were classified into two categories, namely, feathered-fringed and other three leaf types. The accessions were clustered into three categories in Euclidean 7.20,including 11 round-smooth, 13 fringed and feathered,and one feathered-fringed. When Euclidean distance was 6.82, the 25 accessions were clustered into four groups by leaf type, round-smooth, fringed, feathered and feathered-fringed. In 11 reproductive traits,according to the UPGMA cluster result, the above accessions were clustered into two categories by ovary color in Euclidean 4.35. Yellow green for one,and purple ovary for another. [Conclusion] In 24 nutritional traits,leaf type is the top one factor in the twenty-five accessions genetic relationship in kale,followed by leaf color. In the four major leaf types,fringed and feathered remain closer genetic distance,while feathered-fringed keeps a distant relationship with the other three. In 11 reproductive traits,color of ovary is the primary factor in genetic distance.

关 键 词：羽衣甘蓝 营养性状 生殖性状 亲缘关系 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S681.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]