老龄阔叶红松林下层木空间分布的生境关联分析  

Habitat associations of understorey species spatial distribution in old growth broad-leaved Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis) forest

作　　者：丁胜建[1] 张春雨[1] 夏富才[1,2] 赵秀海[1] 倪瑞强[1] 范娟[1] 何怀江[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北华大学林学院,吉林132013

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第11期3334-3342,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(HJ2010-19);国家"十二五"科技支撑项目(2012BAC01B03);国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201104009);北京市共建项目专项(2011)

摘　　要：基于老龄阔叶红松林30 hm2(500 m×600 m)固定监测样地,分析了老龄阔叶红松林下层(1 cm≤DBH≤5 cm)14个主要树种(个体数>300)的空间分布与空间距离、地形因子及郁闭度之间关联性。结果显示:(1)14个种都显示出了聚集分布,绝大多数种呈现出了在小距离级上呈显著正空间自相关大距离级上呈现显著负空间自相关的趋势。(2)6个种显示与空间距离显著相关即存在本身的聚集效应,占被检验种的42.86%;7个种显示出与环境(地形、郁闭度)有显著相关性即存在显著的生境偏好,占50%。个体数大于1000的7优势种中有5个种空间分布与生境显著相关,5个种与空间距离显著相关。(3)色木槭、千金榆显示出了对低海拔、向阳坡生境类型的偏好,簇毛槭、花楷槭、毛榛显示出对高海拔、坡度陡、向阴坡生境类型的偏好。这表明,老龄阔叶红松林下层木多数树种为聚集分布,其聚集性的空间分布受生境及自身聚集效应的重要影响。多个树种对同种生境的偏好体现了植物利用资源的相似性和生态位的重叠,对不同生境的偏好体现了物种间的排斥性,这是长期适应不同微环境,利用不同空间资源的结果,也是生态位分离的反映。Recent studies have documented local-scale associations between tree species and habitat factors in forests worldwide. A 30 hm2 plot （500 m×600 m） was established in the Jiaohe Forestry Experimental Zone Bureau of Jilin province to study the long term dynamics of a broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest. Within the plot, all free-standing trees and shrubs with a DBH of at least 1cm were identified, tagged and mapped, and their geographic coordinates recorded following a standard field protocol. One objective was to study mechanisms of the formation of spatial distribution patterns of understory tree species and to explore how environmental gradients influence these patterns in a broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest. Based on the data from the 30 hm2 plot, all trees with a DBH not greater than 5cm were defined as under storey trees. Only species represented by at least 300 individuals were chosen. 14 tree species representing 94.32% of all understorey trees satisfied this condition. First, the spatial patterns of the 14 selected species were analysed at scale of 20m×20m cells, using Morisita＇s index（Iδ）. The results indicate that all 14 species show a clumped spatial distribution. Second, the spatial autocorrelations of the 14 species were studied at 15 distance classes using the spatial autocorrelation coefficient Moran＇s I. The results show a significant positive correlation at small distance classes and significant negative correlations at large spatial distance classes in most species were. Third, the partial Mantel test was used to find the relationship between the abundance of the 14 tree species and certain habitat factors. The results show a significant correlation with spatial distances for 6 species which reprtesent 42.86% of the tested species. 7 species （50%） were significantly correlated with habitat factors. 4 species showed neither a significant correlation with spatial distance nor with habitat factors. 3 species showed a significant correlation with both distance and at least on

关 键 词：空间分布 地形 生境异质 生境偏好 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]