云南引种印楝实生种群的表型变异  

Phenotypic variation in cultivated populations of Azadirachta indica in Yunnan, China

作　　者：彭兴民[1,2] 吴疆翀[1] 郑益兴[1] 张燕平[1] 李根前[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所,昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2012年第6期560-571,共12页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD21B04)资助

摘　　要：为了揭示印楝(Azadirachta indica)实生种群表型变异程度和变异规律,以云南引种印楝人工林为研究对象,基于9个种群90个单株14个表型性状严格细致的测量,采用单因素方差分析、巢式方差分析、相关分析、协方差主成分分析(S法)和非加权配对算术平均法(UPGMA)聚类分析等数理方法,分析了种群的表型变异。结果表明:印楝种内表型性状在种群间和种群内均存在着较丰富的差异,种群内的变异大于种群间的变异,种群间的分化相对较小。对表型性状进行的变异系数多重比较和协方差主成分分析(S法)均显示,结实和种子化学成分相关性状的变异是造成印楝表型变异的主要来源。利用种群间欧氏距离进行的UPGMA聚类分析结果进一步表明,印楝9个种群可以分为4类,表型性状并没有严格依地理距离而聚类。研究结果为印楝的遗传改良工作奠定了基础,为制定育种策略和人工经营对策提供了科学依据。Aims Our objectives were to investigate phenotypic variation of Azadirachta indica in cultivated populations and to describe the relationship between phenotypic variation of the cultivated populations and different distribution areas. Methods We investigated 14 phenotypic traits for 90 individuals in nine cultivated populations of A. indica from Yunnan Province of China and used variance analysis, nested analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, UPGMA cluster analysis and multi-comparison to analyze results. Important findings Rich phenotypic variation existed both among and within populations, and variation was greater within populations than among populations. Duncan’s test of CV and the principal component analysis of phenotypic traits both indicated that the traits of fructification and seed chemical composition were the main factors accounting for the phenotypic variations. According to UPGMA cluster analysis, the populations of A. indica could be divided into four groups. These cluster results were not due to geographic distances. Findings will lay a foundation for genetic improvement in A. indica, and provide a scientific basis for working out breeding strategy in this species and for countermeasures of natural forest sustained utilization.

关 键 词：印楝 栽培种群 地理变异格局 表型变异 种群分化 

分 类 号：S792.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]