中国西部地区城市中小学生忽视现状分析  

Status of neglect among urban primary and secondary school students in western China

作　　者：刘晨煜[1] 钟朝晖[1] 潘建平[2] 王应雄[1] 杨彬 刁俊 张眉[1] 钟引[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,重庆400016 [2]西安交通大学医学院 [3]重庆市沙坪坝区中小学卫生保健所 [4]重庆市江津区中小学卫生保健所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2012年第6期734-736,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30671772)

摘　　要：目的了解中国西部地区城市中小学生忽视程度和特点,为制定学生忽视改善措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多级整群随机抽样方法,对陕西省和重庆市部分地区6～17岁城市中小学生忽视状况进行调查。结果共调查1 604人,中国西部地区城市中小学生总忽视率为30.30%,总忽视度为(45.27±8.71);男、女生忽视率分别为34.88%、25.23%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.62,P<0.001),男、女生忽视度分别为(46.50±8.79)、(43.92±8.42),差异有统计学意义(u=5.99,P<0.001);6～8、9～11、12～17岁城市中小学生忽视率分别为30.69%、28.74%、31.71%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.41,P>0.05),忽视度分别为(43.34±6.86)、(42.90±8.42)、(48.49±8.69),差异有统计学意义(F=84.49,P<0.001),12～17岁中学生忽视度最高;核心家庭和三代同堂家庭的子女忽视程度明显低于单亲家庭和再婚家庭;独生子女受忽视程度低于非独生子女。结论我国西部地区城市中小学生忽视程度较严重,应针对性地加强宣传教育,提高家长、学校、社会等对儿童忽视的认知和理解,重视儿童忽视问题。Objective To examine the status of neglect among urban primary and secondary school students in the western China,and to provide scientific evidence for effective intervention.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with multistage stratified cluster sampling method in some areas of Shannxi province and Chongqing city.Results Totally 1 604 subjects aged from 6 to 17 years were recruited.Total prevalence of neglect in the students was 30.30% and the total neglect score was 45.27±8.71;the prevalence of neglect in the boys and girls were 34.88% and 25.23%,respectively（χ2=17.62,P0.001）,and the neglect score for the boys and girls were 46.50±8.79 and 43.92±8.42（u=5.99,P0.001）.The prevalence of neglect among the students aged 6-8,9-11,and 12-17 years were 30.69%,28.74%,and 31.71%,respectively（χ2=1.41,P0.05）,with the neglect scores of 43.34±6.86,42.90±8.42,and 48.49±8.69,respectively（F=84.49,P0.001）.The neglect score in the students aged 12-17 years was the highest.The prevalence and neglect score of the students in three generations families were the lowest but those of the students in single-parent families were the lowest.The neglect prevalence and score for the students in one child families were significantly lower than in non-one child families.Conclusion The status of neglect in urban primary and secondary school students was serious in the western China and publicity and education on the problem should be strengthened.

关 键 词：忽视 学生 现况分析 西部地区 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]