免耕留茬对内蒙古后山地区油菜田土壤呼吸和水热变化的影响  

Effect of No-Tillages with Stubble on Soil Respiration, Moisture and Temperature on Canola Farmland at Houshan Area of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：高婕[1] 李倩[1] 刘景辉[1] 崔凤娟[1] 李立军[1] 刘兵[1] 王健康[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《作物杂志》2012年第3期81-85,共5页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30860135);国家"十一五"科技支撑重点项目课题(2006BAD15B05);内蒙古农业大学科技创新团队建设计划项目(NDTD2010-8)

摘　　要：分析了常规耕作、免耕留高茬(30cm)、留中茬(20cm)、留低茬(10cm)四种处理下土壤呼吸速率、土壤温度和土壤含水量的变化特征。结果表明,4种处理土壤呼吸速率日变化和季节变化规律明显,均呈单峰曲线变化,土壤呼吸日变化峰值出现在14∶00～17∶00,日变化趋势受温度影响较大,变化幅度受土壤水分含量影响较大;季节变化的峰值出现在8月3日,整个生长季CO2平均排放速率影响表现为传统耕作>留低茬处理>留中茬处理>留高茬处理,各处理之间差异均达到显著水平(p<0.05);免耕留茬处理有很好的保温、保水作用,且随留茬高度的增加作用效果更加明显;土壤呼吸速率与0～10cm土壤含水量和0～5cm地温的相关性较大。The study analyzed soil respiration rate,soil moisture and temperature change with conventional farming,no-tillage with high stubble（30cm）,middle（20cm）and low stubble（10cm）treatments.The results showed that soil respiration diurnal and seasonal variation changed distinctively as a single-peak curve,and the peak of diurnal variation appeared between 14∶ 00 on 17∶ 00.Diurnal change was greatly influenced by temperature,but the multitude was more influenced by soil moisture content.The peak of seasonal variation appeared on August 3rd,and the average CO2 emissions rate of all the growing period ranked as,farming〉no-tillage with low stubble（30cm）〉middle stubble（20cm）〉high（30cm）.All treatments were significantly different（p〈0.05）.No-tillage with stubble treatment had excellent temperature retention and water preservation,and it performed better with the increase of the stubble height.Soil respiration rate had the closest correlation with soil moisture content at the depth of 0-10cm and soil temperature at the depth of 0-5cm.

关 键 词：免耕留茬 土壤呼吸 土壤温度 土壤含水量 油菜 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]