时间相关决策中的非理性现象  

Irrational Phenomena in Temporal Decision-making

作　　者：王洲兰[1,2] 管益杰[1,2] 于金红[3] 杨镕榕[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875 [2]应用实验心理北京市重点实验室,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学朝阳附属小学,北京100192 [4]中国建设银行信用卡中心,上海201204

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2012年第6期883-893,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：北京师范大学教改项目(10-03-06);国家自然科学基金项目(项目号31070899)

摘　　要：时间相关决策中存在着时间成本模糊、时间感知不稳定和远近选择决策权重不稳定等非理性现象。心理账户因素、决策认知因素、决策情境因素和个体因素影响时间相关决策中非理性现象的产生。通过加强时间价值感知训练、理性分析和想象后悔、团队决策、制订合理时间计划和理解社会文化等方法,可减少时间相关决策中的非理性现象。研究者在未来可关注主观心理时间和高科技对时间相关决策的影响、个体时间相关决策社会化的过程、改变学科视角和实验范式进行研究等。The phenomena known as the ambiguity of time cost, the unsteadiness of time perception and the heavy bias towards the present, indicate that people make irrational temporal decisions. Major influential factors of irrational temporal decision-making include mental accounting, decision context, cognitional factors and individual factors. As proposed herein, monetization of time, rational analysis, imagined regret, team decision, suitable time scheduling and cultural knowledge are considerations which help to reduce irrational decision-making. Further studies can investigate the influences that subjective perceptions of time and high technology have on temporal decision-making as well as the socialization of temporal decision-making. Future research can also be conducted considering various perspectives from other disciplines or by trying a new paradigm.

关 键 词：时间相关决策:非理性 心理账户 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]