北方五省(区)马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵和精甲霜灵的敏感性检测  

Detection of sensitivity of Phytophthora infestans to metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M in five provinces in northern China

作　　者：王文桥[1] 王丽[1] 韩秀英[1] 张小风[1] 马志强[1] 孟润杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心,保定071000

出　　处：《植物保护》2012年第3期116-121,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(3-20)

摘　　要：为了明确我国不同地区马铃薯晚疫病菌对甲霜灵和精甲霜灵的抗性状况,2007-2009年从河北、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁和内蒙古马铃薯主产区采集马铃薯晚疫病菌,采用菌丝生长速率法和叶盘漂浮法测定其对甲霜灵的敏感性,采用叶盘漂浮法测定其对精甲霜灵的敏感性。结果表明:以菌丝生长速率法检测的380株晚疫病菌中和以叶盘漂浮法检测的222株晚疫病菌中对甲霜灵的抗性菌株分别占80%和73.5%;菌丝生长速率法检测结果显示,河北省对甲霜灵的抗性菌株所占频率从2007年的100%降为2008年的66.4%,2009年又回升至74.2%,而吉林和黑龙江两省对甲霜灵的抗性菌株分布频率呈上升趋势。叶盘漂浮法检测的95个菌株中对精甲霜灵的抗性菌株占54.5%,其中河北省40个菌株对精甲霜灵的中间型菌株占优势(62.5%),抗性菌株仅占34.9%,而其他4省55个菌株对精甲霜灵的抗性菌株占优势(69.1%)。受检测的北方五省(区)马铃薯晚疫病菌群体中对甲霜灵和精甲霜灵的抗性菌株已占优势,马铃薯晚疫病菌已普遍对甲霜灵及精甲霜灵产生抗性。在对甲霜灵和精甲霜灵普遍产生抗性的地区,应优先选用与甲霜灵、精甲霜灵作用机理不同的药剂防治马铃薯晚疫病。To clarify the occurrence status of resistance to metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M in Phytophthora infestans from different areas in China, sensitivity to metalaxyl in P. infestans isolates collected from the potato-growing areas in Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia from 2007 to 2009 was tested by mycelial growth rate test and leaf disc floating test, and sensitivity to metalaxyl-M in isolates of P. infestans was tested by leaf disc floating test. The results showed that the metalaxyl-resistant isolates accounted for 80% of the 380 isolates for my- celial growth test, and the metalaxyl-resistant isolates accounted for 73.5% of the 222 isolates for leaf disc floating test; in the mycelial growth rate test, the frequency of metalaxyl-resistant isolates in Hebei dropped from 100% in 2007 to 66.4% in 2008, and ascended from 66.4% in 2008 to 74.2% in 2009, but the frequency of metalaxyl-re- sistant isolates from Jilin and Heilongjiang tended to rise from 2007 to 2009. The metalaxyl-M resistant isolates ac- counted for 54.5% of the 95 isolates for leaf disc floating assay; intermediate isolates prevailed （62.5%） in the 40 isolates from Hebei Province; metalaxyl-M resistant isolates accounted for 34.9% ; the metalaxyl-M resistant iso- lates predominated （69.1%）in the 55 isolates from the other 4 provinces. In the detected areas of 5 provinces in northern China, the metalaxvl-resistant andmetalaxyl-M resistant isolates prevailed in the populations of P. infes-tans, and resistance of P. infestans to metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M occurred widely on potatoes. The priority should be given to selection and application of the fungicides with action modes different from those of metalaxyl and metalaxyl-M for late blight control in the areas where the metalaxyl-resistant and metalaxyl-M resistant isolates predominated in the population of P. infestans.

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病菌 甲霜灵 精甲霜灵 敏感性检测 抗药性 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]