10种化学杀菌剂对苹果树腐烂病的防效评价  

Control effect of 10 fungicides against apple valsa canker

作　　者：翟慧者[1] 胡同乐[1] 陈曲[1] 曹克强[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071001

出　　处：《植物保护》2012年第3期151-154,171,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家苹果产业技术体系项目(nybcytx-08-04-01)

摘　　要：本试验通过采用抑制菌丝生长、促进伤口愈合以及在离体枝条上的保护和治疗试验,对市售的10种化学药剂进行了防治苹果树腐烂病效果的评价。这些药剂分别为甲硫.萘乙酸、腐植酸.铜、菌毒清、丙环唑、代森铵、丁香菌酯、噻霉酮、辛菌胺.醋酸盐、甲基硫菌灵(山西北方种业)和甲基硫菌灵(日本曹达)。试验结果表明,不同的测试方法得到不同的排序。在抑菌试验中,抑菌作用最强的药剂是甲基硫菌灵(山西北方种业)和腐植酸.铜,抑菌带均为5.00cm,其次为菌毒清、丙环唑和甲硫.萘乙酸。在伤口愈合试验中,甲基硫菌灵(日本曹达)和甲硫.萘乙酸对伤口的愈合作用最好,其愈伤组织宽度分别比对照宽2.00mm和0.92mm。在离体枝条保护作用试验中,甲硫.萘乙酸、腐植酸.铜、甲基硫菌灵(日本曹达)处理均未发病。在离体枝条治疗作用试验中,甲硫.萘乙酸、菌毒清、代森铵、甲基硫菌灵(山西北方种业)、腐植酸.铜的病斑平均扩展面积均小于50mm2,其中甲硫.萘乙酸和菌毒清的防效均为87.5%,病斑面积仅为对照的1.6%和2.2%。综合排序和分析认为,甲硫.萘乙酸是治疗腐烂病效果最好的药剂。The control effects of 10 fungicides on apple tree valsa canker were compared on dishes, wound healing and twig tests. The 10 fungicides were thiophanate-methyl＋ 1-naphthylacetic acid, HA-Cu, dioctyl divinyltriami- no glycine, propiconazole, amobam, coumoxystrobin, benziothiazolinone, Xinjunan acetate and two kinds of thiophanate-methyl. Different results were received by different test methods. In the antibiotic experiment, thiophanate-methyl （made in Shanxi） and HA-Cu showed the highest inhibition effect. The bacteriostatic belts were both 5.00 cm, followed by dioctyl divinyltriamino glycine, propiconazole and thiophanate-methyl＋l-naphthylacetic acid. In the wound healing experiment, thiophanate-methyl （made in Japan） and thiophanate-methyl＋ 1- naphthylacetic acid treatments had wider callus than other treatments. In the twig tests, thiophanate-methyl＋ 1- naphthylacetic acid, HA-Cu and thiophanate-methyl （made in Japan） showed strong protective effects without any disease development. In the therapeutical tests, thiophanate-methyl＋l-naphthylacetic acid, dioctyl divinyltriami- no glycine, amobam, thiophanate-methyl （made in Shanxi） and HA-Cu had better effects with average scar area less than 50 mmz. The control effects of thiophanate-methyl＋ 1-naphthylacetic acid and dioctyl divinyltriamino glycine were 87.5% of the control and the area of scars were 1.6% and 2.2% of the control. By integrated se- quencing and analysis, we suggest that thiophanate-methyl＋ 1-naphthylacetic acid be the best fungicide for control of valsa canker on apple.

关 键 词：苹果树腐烂病菌 杀菌剂 防效 评价 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]