喀斯特地区小流域地下水土流失观测研究  

Observation of Subterranean Soil and Water Loss of Karst Area

作　　者：李晋 熊康宁[1,2] 王仙攀[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2012年第6期38-40,76,共3页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划重大课题(2011BAC09B01);贵州师范大学学生科研重点项目

摘　　要：以2009年9月—2010年8月为一个水文年,以小流域为水土流失研究尺度,通过对王家寨喀斯特小流域地下河出口断面的连续定位监测,获取每次降雨中地下河水流流量及含沙量。结果表明,只有当降雨量达到一定值后,地下河涨水、产沙才与降雨有着显著响应。根据含沙量计算出此水文年小流域随地下河流失的土壤为519.29 kg,初步估算地下土壤侵蚀模数为0.42 t/(km2.a),仅占地表、地下土壤流失总量的0.81%。喀斯特地区地下土壤流失量占流域总土壤流失量的比例,需在更多地貌类型区长期监测数据的基础上来确定。Taking the period from September 2009 to August 2010 as a hydrological year and small watershed as spatial scale for studying soil and water loss,through continuous position monitoring of outlet sections of an underground stream of Wangjiazhai small watershed in karst area,the paper obtained the discharge and sediment concentration of the underground stream after each rainfall.The outcomes show that only when the rainfall reaches to a certain value,water rising and sediment production will obviously respond to the rainfall.The calculated soil loss of the underground stream in the small watershed of the hydrological year is 519.29 kg and the underground soil erosion modulus is 0.42 t/(km2·a) by initial estimation,only making up 0.81% of the total annual superficial-subterranean soil loss rate.The proportion of underground soil loss in total soil loss of drainage basin of karst area needs to be decided by long-term monitoring data of various geomorphologic types.

关 键 词：小流域 地下河 水土流失监测 地下土壤侵蚀模数 喀斯特地区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]