北京市密云县中小学生甲型H1N1流感感染因素的病例对照研究  

Case-control study of infection factors for influenza A(H1N1) among students in Miyun County,Beijing City

作　　者：朱亮亮[1] 杨育松[1] 王娅琼[1] 贾丽丽[1] 陈永亮[1] 耿利彬[1] 王化勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市密云县疾病预防控制中心,北京101500

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2012年第3期1-4,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的比较中小学生中甲型H1N1流感确诊患者与健康者在个人卫生习惯、体育活动情况、搭乘交通工具情况、疫苗接种、预防性服药等方面的差异,通过病例对照研究,探讨其可能的感染因素。方法随机抽取密云县5所中、小学校的50例甲流确诊病例,并采用1∶2匹配从病例所在班级抽取100名对照组学生,进行问卷调查,调查内容包括个人一般情况、在校情况、卫生习惯、体育活动情况、搭乘交通工具、疫苗接种、预防性服药、病例接触情况等。采用logistic回归分析甲型H1N1流感感染的影响因素。结果调查甲型H1N1流感患者50例,对照100例。其中病例组男性34例,女性16例,对照组男性69例,女性31例,2组性别、年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素logistic回归分析结果显示中小学生感染甲型H1N1流感与个人课间活动范围大小(OR=0.570)、打喷嚏后是否立即洗手(OR=0.333)、是否经常用手揉眼睛(OR=3.821)、每日参加体育活动时间长短(OR=0.515)、9月以来所在班级是否出现过甲型H1N1流感病例(OR=83.018)、是否有甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种史(OR=0.024)等因素有关。结论中小学生感染甲型H1N1流感与个人课间活动情况、卫生习惯、体育活动、病例接触史及疫苗接种史密切相关。应当采取管理传染源、切断传播途径、改善个人卫生习惯、加强体育锻炼和接种疫苗等有效措施应对甲型H1N1流感在中小学生当中的传播。Objective To explore the infection factors of influenza A （ H1N1 ） in students by conducting a case-control study. Methods We conducted a case-control study to identify infection factors for influenza A （H1N1） among students in five primary and middle schools in Miyun County, Beijing City. The study comprised 50 case-patients and 100 controls who were randomly selected and matched from the schools for interview. Investigation contents included personal hygiene, situation in school, health habits, physical activities, traffic tools, vaccination, preventive medicine, patient contact, etc. The logistic re- gression was adopted to analyze the data. Results The survey was carried out among 50 patients with in- fluenza A （H1N1） and 100 controls. The case group included 34 male and 16 female, and the controls in- cluded 69 male and 31 female. There was no significant differences between the two groups in gender and age （P 〉0.05）. Logistic regression univariate analysis showed that the influenza A （HIN1） infection a- mong the students associated with ranges of personal activities during the break （ OR = 0.570） , immediately washing hands after sneezing （ OR = 0. 333 ） , rubbing eyes （ OR = 3. 821 ） , physical activities （OR=0.515）, history of contacting cases （OR=83.018）, influenza A （H1N1） vaccinations （ OR = 0. 024）. Conclusion Influenza A （ H1N1 ） virus infection was closely related to ranges of personal activities during the break, health habits, physical activities, patient contact, and vaccination history of students. Effective measures, such as controlling infection sources, cutting off transmission routes, improving personal hygiene, enhancing exercise, and vaccination, should be taken to reduce the risk of transmitting influenza A （H1N1） virus among the primary and secondary school students.

关 键 词：甲型H1N1流感 危险因素 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]